...the name of a secondary educational institution in Japan, there are junior high schools before and after World War II, and although they have the same name, their characteristics are significantly different. Therefore, the former are generally called old-system junior high schools and the latter are called new-system junior high schools. The old-system junior high schools were privileged secondary educational institutions for boys only, with the main purpose of preparing students for higher education institutions, but the new-system junior high schools are compulsory schools open to all boys and girls, based on the principles of postwar education reform, and are secondary educational institutions in a new sense, with the purpose of "providing a general secondary education based on the education in elementary school, in accordance with the development of the mind and body" (Article 35 of the School Education Act). *Some of the terminology used to refer to "old junior high schools" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…日本の中等教育機関の名称であるが,第2次大戦前と大戦後の中学校があり,名称は同じでも性格はいちじるしく異なる。したがって,一般に前者は旧制中学校,後者は新制中学校と呼ばれている。旧制中学校は高等教育機関への進学を主目的とした男子のみの特権的な中等教育機関であったが,新制中学校は戦後教育改革の理念にもとづいて,すべての男女に開かれた義務制の学校であり,〈小学校における教育の上に心身の発達に応じて,中等普通教育を施すことを目的とする〉(学校教育法35条)新しい意味での中等教育機関である。… ※「旧制中学校」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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