This refers to the casting vote held by the chairperson when the votes at a collegial meeting are tied. Whether the chairperson has voting or casting power varies according to the rules and customs of each collegial body. In the Japanese Diet, the constitution stipulates that the chairperson has casting power (Article 56, paragraph 2), but by custom he does not participate in the vote. In the United Kingdom, the Speaker of the House of Commons only has voting rights, while neither the Speaker of the House of Lords has such rights. The Speaker of the German Federal Parliament only has voting rights, and neither the Speaker of the French Parliament has such rights. The term casting vote is also used to mean that a third party can influence the vote when the two major parties are roughly evenly matched. [Yamano Kazumi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
合議体の会議における表決の結果、可否同数の場合に議長のもつ決裁権をいう。議長が表決権あるいは決裁権を有するか否かは、それぞれの合議体の規則や慣習によって異なる。日本の国会では、議長は憲法上、決裁権を有することが定められている(憲法56条2項)が、慣習上表決には参加しない。イギリスでは、庶民院議長は表決権のみを有し、貴族院議長はいずれも有しない。ドイツ連邦共和国議会議長は表決権のみを有し、フランス議会議長はいずれも有しない。キャスティング・ボートは、二大政党の勢力がほぼ伯仲している場合、第三党が表決を左右する意味にも用いられる。 [山野一美] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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