...In the single-axis type, the vertical axis is directly supported on the leveling stand, so the mechanical precision of the vertical axis is high, but since the scale and vertical axis cannot be rotated as a single unit, it is not possible to start measuring the angle from any scale or to measure the angle using the double angle method. The former are mainly used for precision surveying such as control point surveying, while the latter are used for relatively low precision surveying such as civil engineering surveying. Transits are classified into classes A, B, and C according to the minimum reading of the horizontal scale and the number of verniers, and theodolites are classified into classes A, B, C, and D according to the minimum reading according to the JIS. ... From the map:...The process of creating a 1:25,000 topographical map can be made into a flow chart as follows: Control point survey → Installation of aerial markers → Aerial photography → Aerial triangulation → Field survey → Plotting → Drawing → Printing and publication Control point survey involves setting control points (triangulation points and leveling points) by triangulation and leveling, and clarifying their positions and elevations. In particular, triangulation points, whose elevations have been clarified by surveying from leveling points, can be used as control points for both position and elevation. ... *Some of the terminology used in reference to "control point survey" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…単軸型は,鉛直軸が直接に整準台に支持されているため鉛直軸の機械的な精度が高いが,目盛盤と鉛直軸を一体として回転できないので,任意目盛から測角を始めたり倍角法による測角を行うことができない。前者はおもに基準点測量などの精密測量用に,後者は土木測量のような比較的精度の低いものなどに用いられる。 トランシットの分類としては,水平目盛の最小読取値およびバーニヤの個数によりA,B,Cのクラスが,またセオドライトについては最小読取値によりA,B,C,Dのクラス分けがJISで決められている。… 【地図】より…2万5000分の1地形図の作成工程をフローチャートにすれば次のようになる。 基準点測量→対空標識設置→空中写真撮影→空中三角測量→現地調査→図化→製図→印刷・発行 基準点測量とは,三角測量や水準測量によって基準点(三角点と水準点)を設置し,その位置や高さを明らかにすることである。とくに水準点からの測量で,その高さも明らかにされている三角点は,位置と高さの両方の基準点として使える。… ※「基準点測量」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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