Hanshan and Shide (English spelling)

Japanese: 寒山･拾得 - かんざんじっとく（英語表記）Hán shān,Shí dé

Hanshan and Shide, Chinese hermits and poets of the Tang Dynasty. They lived around the 9th century. There is no reliable biography. However, according to Hanshan's poems, he was born into a farming family, but spent all his time reading books, which led to him being shunned by the villagers and his wife, and he ran away from home and became a wanderer, eventually retiring to Mount Tiantai. As a solitary hermit who was outside the established Buddhist and poetry circles, he left behind over 300 poems. Shide and Bukan are considered to be alter egos that were added as the legend of Hanshan grew. In addition to a group of elegant poems that overlap his own state of enlightenment with secluded mountain scenery, there is also a group of works that slam the stupidity of this world and the corrupt Taoist monks, both of which express the pride of a strong self-alienator.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国，唐代の隠者，詩人である寒山と拾得のこと。9世紀ごろの人。確実な伝記は不明。ただ寒山の詩の語るところでは，寒山は農家の生れだったが本を読んでばかりいて，村人にも妻にも疎まれ，家をとび出して放浪の末に天台山に隠棲した。既成の仏教界からも詩壇からもはみ出した孤高な隠者として300余首の詩を残した。拾得と豊干（ぶかん）とは，寒山伝説がふくらむ過程で付加された分身と認められる。その詩は独自の悟境と幽邃（ゆうすい）な山景とを重ね合わせた格調高い一群のほかに，現世の愚劣さや堕落した僧侶道士を痛罵した一群の作品があり，ともに強固な自己疎外者としての矜持（きようじ）を語っている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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