It usually refers to buildings such as temples where monks live. It is an abbreviation of the Sanskrit transliteration "sōgyarama" (sōgarama) and is translated into Chinese as shuon (shūen), soun (sōen), monastery, etc. It originally referred to a quiet place where monks gathered to practice Buddhism, but later came to mean a temple building. The seven main buildings of a temple are called the "Seven Halls of Temples." The contents and names of these vary depending on the sect, but in Zen Buddhism, they are the Buddha Hall, the Dharma Hall, the Sanmon Gate, the Kuin, the Sodo, the Bathhouse, and the Tosu (Mitarashi). When a Zen monk becomes the head priest of a temple, the relationship of disciple and master is passed down, which is called "ninpo," while the relationship of only the temple buildings is called "garanpo." [Abejien] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
普通は僧侶(そうりょ)の住む寺院などの建築物をいう。サンスクリット語のサンガーラーマsaghārāmaの音写語「僧伽藍摩(そうぎゃらんま/そうがらんま)」の略で、衆園(しゅうおん)、僧園(そうおん)、僧院などと漢訳される。修行僧が集まって仏道を修する閑寂な場所をいったが、のちには転じて寺院の建造物を意味する語となった。 寺院の主要な七つの建物を具備しているのを「七堂伽藍」という。その内容や名称は宗派などによって異なるが、禅宗では、仏殿、法堂(はっとう)、三門、庫院(くいん)、僧堂、浴室、東司(とうす)(御手洗)をいう。なお、禅宗の僧侶が寺院に住職するときに、弟子と師匠の関係で相承(そうじょう)されるのを「人法(にんぽう)」というのに対し、伽藍のみの関係は「伽藍法(がらんぽう)」といわれる。 [阿部慈園] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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