...However, the word alternative has the nuance of "a significant change in thought or action," and refers to a school that is different from traditional school education. Although attempts of this kind have been made throughout modern times in the form of the "New Education" movement, alternative schools refer to efforts to improve school education that arose in the United States in the late 1960s and are variously called free schools, open schools, and "schools without walls." Shocked by the Soviet Union's successful launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile and an artificial satellite in 1957 (the Sputnik shock), America sought to rapidly and comprehensively improve education and research, with a focus on science education. ... *Some of the terminology used in reference to "schools without walls" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし,alternativeという語には〈思想や行動における重要な変化〉というニュアンスがあり,従来の学校教育とは異なった学校を意味する。この種の試みは,近代には〈新教育〉運動などの形で不断にあったが,オルタナティブ・スクールは,1960年代後半にアメリカに起こったフリー・スクールfree school,オープン・スクールopen school,〈壁のない学校〉などとさまざまな名称で呼ばれる学校教育改善の営為を指している。1957年のソ連の大陸間弾道弾,人工衛星打上げの成功に衝撃(スプートニク・ショック)をうけたアメリカは,科学教育を中心に教育・研究の急速かつ全面的な向上をはかった。… ※「壁のない学校」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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