Let A and B be two plane figures surrounded by curves. If these are cut with a line parallel to a fixed line, the ratio of the lengths of the line segments cut at A and B will always be a : b (constant). In this case, the ratio of the areas of A and B is also a : b . This theorem was discovered experimentally by Italian mathematician B. Cavalieri (1629), and the same can be said about solids. In other words, "Let there be two solids, A and B. If, when they are cut with a plane parallel to a fixed plane, the ratio of the areas of the cuts is always a : b , then the ratio of their volumes is also a : b ." Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
曲線で囲まれた2個の平面図形を A,B とする。これらをある定直線に平行な直線で切れば,A,B で切取られた線分の長さの比が,常に a:b (一定) になるとする。このとき A,B の面積の比も a:b である。この定理はイタリアの数学者 B.カバリエリが実験的に発見した (1629) もので,立体についても,同様のことがいえる。すなわち,「2つの立体を A,B とする。一定の平面に平行な平面でこれらを切ったとき,その切り口の面積の比が常に a:b であれば,それらの体積の比も a:b である」。
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