Shaping - Katakezuri

Japanese: 形削り - かたけずり

...In contrast, press working, forging, welding, casting, etc. are called metalworking, and are often distinguished from machining (metalworking). Cutting is a processing method in which a cutting tool (blade) and the workpiece are moved relative to each other to cut out the required shape while producing chips. Examples of cutting include turning, in which the workpiece is rotated and a cutting tool is placed on it to process rotating surfaces and round holes, milling, in which a tool with multiple cutting edges on the outer periphery or end face is rotated to process flat surfaces and grooves, planing, shaping, and vertical cutting, which process flat surfaces by repeating the linear relative motion between the tool and the workpiece, broaching, which uses a tool with multiple cutting edges arranged in a line to finish the inner and outer surfaces of holes, drilling, cutting gear teeth, and cutting materials with a saw. Grinding is a processing method in which a workpiece is cut with a grinding wheel to give it the required precision and shape, and is used when a high-precision surface finish is required or to finish hardened surfaces. ...

From [Machine Tools]

…The early development of modern machine tools took place in England, with Maudsley and his disciples making a major contribution. The slotting machine, shaping machine, and planing machine were developed during this period. After the second half of the 19th century, the center of development of machine tools shifted to America and Germany, and by this time machines with direct motor drive, as we know them today, had been developed, along with grinding machines and gear cutting machines. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "shaping" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これに対し，プレス加工や鍛造，溶接，鋳造などは金属加工と呼ばれ，機械加工と区別されることが多い(金属加工)。　切削加工は切削工具(刃物)と加工物を相対的に運動させることにより，切りくずを出しつつ所要の形状を削り出す加工法で，これには加工物を回転させ，これに切削工具をあてがって回転面や丸穴などの加工を行う旋削，外周または端面に複数の切刃をもつ工具を回転させて平面や溝の加工を行うフライス削り，工具と加工物との直線相対運動の繰返しによって平面の加工を行う平削りや形削り，立削り，多数の切刃が直列状に並んだ工具で穴の内面や外表面の仕上げを行うブローチ削り，ドリルによる穴あけ加工のほか，歯車の歯切り，のこぎりによる材料の切断などがある。　研削加工は，といしを用いて加工物を削り，所要の精度および形状を与える加工法で，表面を高い精度で仕上げたいときや，焼入れした面の仕上げなどに用いられる。…

【工作機械】より

…近代工作機械の初期の発展はイギリスで行われ，モーズレーおよび彼の弟子が多大の貢献をしている。立て削り盤，形削り盤，平削り盤などはこの時期に開発された。19世紀後半以降，工作機械の発達の中心はアメリカおよびドイツに移り，この時期になると，現在のような電動機直結運転が行われ，研削盤，歯切盤などが開発された。…

※「形削り」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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