Takeyoshi Kawashima

Japanese: 川島武宜 - かわしまたけよし
Takeyoshi Kawashima

Civil law and legal sociology scholar. Born in Gifu City on October 17, 1909. After graduating from the Faculty of Law at Tokyo Imperial University in 1932 (Showa 7), he became an assistant professor at the same university before becoming a professor in 1945. In the field of civil law, he had a major impact on the legal world with his paper on the non-conflict of claims between liability for breach of contract and liability for tort, and subsequently developed many new interpretations, introducing new perspectives to civil law. In his famous work, Theory of the Law of Ownership (1949), he attempted to construct modern law from the perspective of the process of commodity exchange. After World War II, he was also active in the field of legal sociology. He conducted numerous surveys of customs, illuminating the gap between modern and pre-modern things in Japan's modernization process, and is also known for his enlightenment activities that go beyond the legal world. His major works include "The Family Structure of Japanese Society" (1950), "The Existential Structure of Law in Legal Sociology" (1950), "Jurisprudence as a Science" (1955), "Modern Society and Law" (1959), and "An Overview of Civil Law" (1965).

[Takahisa Awaji]

[References] | Practices | Sociology of law

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

民法学、法社会学者。明治42年10月17日岐阜市に生まれる。1932年(昭和7)東京帝国大学法学部卒業後、同大学助教授を経て、1945年教授となる。民法学の領域においては、債務不履行責任と不法行為責任との請求権非競合を唱える論文を発表して法学界に大きな影響を与え、その後も多くの新しい解釈論を展開して、民法学に新しい視点を導入した。また名著『所有権法の理論』(1949)では、商品交換の過程から近代法の構成を試みた。第二次世界大戦後は、法社会学の領域においても活躍をみせた。数々の慣行調査を行い、日本の近代化過程における、近代的なものと前近代的なものとのずれを明らかにし、法学界を超えた啓蒙(けいもう)活動でも知られる。主著に『日本社会の家族的構成』(1950)、『法社会学における法の存在構造』(1950)、『科学としての法律学』(1955)、『近代社会と法』(1959)、『民法総論』(1965)などがある。

[淡路剛久]

[参照項目] | 慣行 | 法社会学

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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