(1) pyrenoid Also called pyrenoid or starch nucleus. A small body found in the plastids of lower plants, such as diatoms, zygophytes, almost all green algae, some red algae, and some mosses. It is a colorless, lipid-containing proteinaceous substance that has a high refractive index and appears slightly shiny. It may be surrounded by small starch granules and is thought to play a role in storage. It is said to grow by binary fission in a constricted state, but it may also be formed anew. Electron microscopic studies have shown that the plastid lamellae penetrate or penetrate the pyrenoid. (2) nucleoid The genetic material of prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and blue-green algae, is concentrated in the center of the cell, but is not clearly surrounded by a nuclear membrane. This part is called the nucleoid. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
(1) pyrenoid ピレノイド,デンプン核ともいう。ケイ藻,接合藻,緑藻のほとんどすべて,紅藻,コケの一部など,下等植物の色素体にみられる小体。無色で脂質を含む蛋白質性の物質で,屈折率が高く,やや光って見える。デンプンの小粒で取囲まれていることがあり,貯蔵に関与すると考えられる。くびれて,二分裂により増殖するといわれるが,新たに形成されることもある。電子顕微鏡的研究によると,色素体のラメラがピレノイド内に入り込み,あるいは貫通する。 (2) nucleoid 原核生物,すなわち細菌と藍藻の遺伝物質は細胞の中央部に集っているが,明確に核膜では囲まれていない。この部分を核様体と称する。
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