Kakuseikai - Kakuseikai

Japanese: 廓清会 - かくせいかい

…His party affiliation changed from the Progressive Party to the Yukōkai, the Rikken Kokuminto, the Rikken Doshikai, the Kenseikai, and the Kakushin Club, but politically he remained a good bourgeois democrat. In 1894 he became president of the Mainichi Newspaper Company. As a Christian (baptized by Uemura Masahisa in 1886), he was sympathetic to the labor movement and supported the Ashio Copper Mine Pollution Incident. In 1900 he organized the Abolition of Prostitution Alliance, and in 1911 he organized the Kuruwa Seiseikai, energetically promoting the abolition of prostitution movement. He also participated in the universal suffrage movement, and was known for his eloquence in parliament, and is best known for his speech impeaching the Yamamoto Gonbei Cabinet in the Siemens scandal. …

From the "Abolition of Prostitution Movement"

...In response, groups such as the Women's Temperance Union and the Salvation Army called for the abolition of prostitution, and in 1882 the Gunma Prefectural Assembly issued an order to abolish public prostitution, which came into effect in 1893. After that, the movement to abolish prostitution continued through the voluntary abolition of prostitutes by a prostitute in Yoshiwara in 1899, a movement for the abolition of prostitutes by Christian pastors the following year, and in the early 1900s it developed into a movement for the voluntary abolition of prostitutes by the Salvation Army to extend God's blessing to prostitutes. In 1911, the Kuruwa Seiki Kai (Red Light District Cleansing Association) was formed with the aim of abolishing prostitution. In the Taisho period, just after the Great Kanto Earthquake (1923), the Political Department of the Tokyo Federation of Women's Associations formed the National Alliance for the Abolition of Prostitution, and in 1926, the Kuruwa Seiki Kai and the Women's Temperance Union formed the Abolition of Prostitution Federation. On the other hand, there were also movements in the Diet from a so-called liberal standpoint (such as the proposal in the 47th Diet in 1923 not to permit the restoration of burnt-down brothels, and the bill to restrict and abolish the public prostitution system in the 52nd Diet in 1927), while the proletarian women's movement also raised slogans to prohibit human trafficking and abolish the public prostitution system (Kanto Women's League Platform No. 8, Property-Free Women's League Policy No. 9, Social People's Women's League Policy No. 5, etc.).

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Kuruwaseikai" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…党派は改進党から猶興会，立憲国民党，立憲同志会，憲政会，革新俱楽部と変わったが，政治的には良質なブルジョア民主主義者として一貫した。94年に毎日新聞社社長となり，キリスト教徒(1886年植村正久より受洗)として，労働運動に理解を示すとともに，足尾鉱毒事件を支援し，また1900年には廃娼同盟を組織，11年には廓清会を組織し廃娼運動を精力的に進めた。普選運動にも参加し，議会では雄弁をもってきこえたが，シーメンス事件での山本権兵衛内閣弾劾演説は有名である。…

【廃娼運動】より

…これに対して婦人矯風会や救世軍などの団体が廃娼をとなえ，これに伴って82年群馬県会が公娼廃止令を布告，93年実施した。以後廃娼運動は，99年の吉原の一娼妓の自由廃業，翌年のキリスト教牧師による自由廃業運動を経て，1900年代初めには神の恵みを娼妓に及ぼす救世軍の自由廃業運動として展開され，11年には廃娼目的の廓清会も生まれ，大正期に入っては，関東大震災(1923)直後，東京連合婦人会政治部による全国廃娼期成同盟の結成，26年廓清会と婦人矯風会による廃娼連盟の結成をみた。一方，いわば自由主義的立場からの国会での運動(1923年第47議会焼失遊郭再興不許可建議，27年第52議会公娼制度制限･廃止法案など)も展開され，他方ではプロレタリア婦人運動においても人身売買禁止，公娼制度廃止のスローガンが掲げられた(関東婦人同盟綱領第8，無産婦人同盟政策第9，社会民衆婦人同盟政策第5など)。…

※「廓清会」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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