…For example, moths and other insects fly toward light (phototaxis or phototaxis), fish swim against the current, and dragonflies and moths fly against the wind (rheotaxis, rheotaxis, aneomotaxis). Depending on the type of stimulus, they are called phototaxis or rheotaxis, but there are also other types of taxis that are seen in living things, such as chemotaxis in response to odorous chemicals (chemotaxis - seen in many insects such as flies), acoustic taxis in response to certain sounds (phonotaxis - seen in mosquitoes), gravitaxis (geotaxis - seen in snails), thermotaxis (where animals gather in places with a certain temperature or humidity) and hygrotaxis (thermotaxis - seen in paramecium, hygrotaxis - seen in earthworms). Many plants do not move their entire body, so taxis are not seen, but rather they show tropism, which allows parts of their body to turn in a certain direction in response to a stimulus. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "acoustotaxis" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…例えば,ガその他の虫が光に向かって飛んできたり(光(ひかり)走性または走光性),魚が流れに逆らって泳いだり,トンボやガが風に逆らって飛んだりする(流れ走性,走流性,走風性)現象がそれにあたる。刺激の種類によってこのように光走性,流れ走性と呼ばれるが,このほか,においのある化学物質に対しておこる化学走性(走化性――ハエなど多くの昆虫にみられる),一定の音に対する音響走性(走音性――カなど),重力走性(走地性――カタツムリなど),一定の温度あるいは湿度の場所に集まってくる温度走性,湿度走性(走温性――ゾウリムシなど,走湿性――ミミズなど)など,生物にはさまざまな走性が認められる。多くの植物は,体全体が移動することがないので走性は認められず,体の一部を刺激に対して一定の方向に向ける屈性がみられる。… ※「音響走性」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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