…a pamphlet popular in Western society in the 15th century, meaning "the art of dying" or "the art of passing away." The Black Death, a plague epidemic in the 14th century, caused people facing death to think only about how to die, and they sought guidance on how to die, leading to the popularity of pamphlets like this. From [Death]...Although these "Ojoden" are in the form of biographies of ascetic monks, depending on how one looks at them, they can also be read as typical descriptions of theories and practices relating to death, such as preparation for death, resolve, methods of dying, and awareness of death. If we look for corresponding literature in the European world, we can find the group of works collectively known as "Ars Moriendi" (Arts of Resurrection), written at the end of the Middle Ages, particularly in Austria, Germany, France, and Italy. These literature can be broadly divided into two types.... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Ojojutsu" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…15世紀の西欧社会に普及した小冊子で,〈死亡術〉あるいは〈往生術〉の意。黒死病(ブラック・デス)と呼ばれる14世紀のペスト大流行の惨禍により,死と直面した人々は,ただいかに死ぬかということを考え,死に方の手引きが求められ,こうした小冊子が流行した。… 【死】より…これらの〈往生伝〉は修行僧の伝記という体裁はとっているけれども,しかし考えようによっては,人間の死の準備,死の覚悟,死の方法,死の意識といった死にかんする理論と実践を,類型的に記述したものとしても読むことができるのである。そしてこれと対応する文献をヨーロッパ世界に求めるとすれば,中世末に,とりわけオーストリア,ドイツ,フランス,イタリアなどで書かれた〈アルス・モリエンディ(往生術)〉と総称される作品群をあげることができよう。この文献は大きく2種類に分けられる。… ※「往生術」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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