…Enzymes in metabolic systems are not distributed uniformly, and efficient division of labor and assembly-line processes are established. The structure and function of such membrane systems have been well studied in the cases of exocytosis (release of substances outside the cell) and endocytosis (take of substances into the cell), and are well represented by the GERL system (Golgi apparatus → endoplasmic reticulum → lysosome). Each part of the GERL system, such as the rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane and smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane, the membrane system and vesicles of the Golgi apparatus, the lysosomes and food vacuoles associated with phagocytosis, and the fusion of secretory granules and cell membranes during the secretion process, undergo a series of dynamic membrane flows, which are constantly accompanied by the generation and regeneration of membrane systems. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "exocytosis" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…代謝系の酵素群は一様な分布をせず,効率のよい分業と流れ作業の工程ができ上がっている。このような膜系の構造と機能は,エクソサイトーシスexocytosis(細胞外への物質の放出)やエンドサイトーシスendocytosis(細胞内への物質の取り込み)の場合によく調べられており,GERL系(ゴルジ体Golgi apparatus→小胞体endoplasmic reticulum→リソソームlysosome)によってよく表されている。GERL系の各部分,粗面小胞体膜と滑面小胞体膜,ゴルジ体の膜系と小胞,食作用にともなうリソソームと食胞,分泌過程における分泌顆粒(かりゆう)と細胞膜の融合など一連のダイナミックな膜流動を行い,絶えず膜系の新生と再生をともなっている。… ※「エクソサイトーシス」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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