In the Soviet Union, during the civil war following the October Revolution of 1917, film was valued as a "weapon of the cultural revolution," and short documentaries called "aghitka" (propaganda film) and "fronika" (documentary film) were made. After the civil war, during the construction period, director Viktor Turin made the feature film "Turksib" (1929), which depicts the construction of the Turkestan-Siberian Railway. Dziga Vertov (1896-1954) developed the "kino glaz" (cinematic eye) theory, which considered only the direct object captured by the camera to be "truth," and argued that documentaries are born from the montage of this. Vertov's "cinematic eye" theory had a great influence on Britain, and gave birth to the "British documentary" school, which considered documentary to be a new art form that could be selected from life itself. *Some of the terminology that refers to "cinema eye" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… ソ連では,1917年の10月革命につづく内戦のなかで,映画は〈文化革命の武器〉として評価され,〈アギトカ(宣伝映画)〉や〈フロニカ(記録映画)〉と呼ばれる短編ドキュメンタリーがつくられた。内戦後の建設の時期を迎えてからは,さらにビクトル・トゥーリン監督のトルキスタン・シベリア鉄道の建設を描いた長編《トゥルクシブ》(1929)がつくられ,ジガ・ベルトフ(1896‐1954)は,〈キノ・グラスKino Glaz(映画眼)〉理論を展開してカメラが写しとる直接的な対象だけを〈真実〉とみなし,そのモンタージュからドキュメンタリーが生まれることを主張した。ベルトフの〈映画眼〉理論はイギリスに大きな影響をあたえ,ドキュメンタリーは生活そのもののなかから選びだせる新しい芸術形式であると考える〈英国ドキュメンタリー〉派が生まれた。… ※「映画眼」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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