Subjective merger of claims - Subjective merger of claims

… The simplest form is one plaintiff filing a single claim against one defendant, but current law widely allows for more complex forms than this. These include “objective consolidation of claims,” such as a joint claim for confirmation of ownership and a claim for transfer registration, “change of claims,” such as adding a claim for return of the object to a claim for the purchase price, joint lawsuits with multiple plaintiffs or defendants (also called subjective consolidation of claims), and joinder of lawsuits in which a third party joins. Class action lawsuits that are causing many problems today take these complex forms (such as a case in which 100 plaintiffs file a lawsuit against three companies, consolidating claims for damages and injunctions, and the state joining the defendant side), but there are many parts that require modifications to the traditional framework. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "subjective merger of claims" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　一人の原告が一人の被告を相手に単一の請求をするというのが最も単純な形であるが，現行法はこれ以上の複雑な形態を広く認めている。所有権確認請求と移転登記請求とをあわせて訴えるというような形の〈訴えの客観的併合〉，売買代金請求に目的物返還請求を追加するというような〈訴えの変更〉，原告または被告が複数名である共同訴訟(訴えの主観的併合とも呼ばれる)，第三者が加わってくる訴訟参加がそれである。今日多くの問題を提起している集団訴訟はこれらの複雑な形態をとるが(100人の原告が企業3社を被告に，損害賠償請求と差止請求を併合して訴えを提起したところへ，国が被告側に参加する，等々)，伝統的な枠組みに修正を迫る部分も少なくない。…

※「訴えの主観的併合」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報