Quail - quail

Japanese: 鶉 - うずら

〘Noun〙① A bird of the Phasianidae family. Total length is about 20 cm. It has a small head, a short tail, and a rounded body. Its feathers are a dull color, with a fine mixture of brown, yellowish brown, and black. It is distributed in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Madagascar. In Japan, it breeds in Hokkaido and the central and northern parts of Honshu, and can be seen in the plains of the central and southern parts of Honshu in winter. Both its meat and eggs are delicious, and domesticated ones can lay more than 100 eggs a year. It is a hunting bird. There is also a theory that the Japanese variety is an independent species. 《Season: Autumn》※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 3.239 "Boars and deer crawling and worshiping, quails crawling and worshiping"※Tales of Ise (early 10th century) 123 "If it were a field, I would become a quail and cry, would you not come?"② A name for a rope. Ship's rope made of palm hair and Kaga hemp. It is named after the color of the feathers in ①. ※Wakan Senyoshu (1766) 11 "Uzura ( abbreviation) used for water ropes, etc." ③ A colloquial name for "Hagase" (feathered seawall) used on cargo ships in the Edo period. It is named after the shape of the ship's hull resembles ①. [Wakan Senyoshu (1766)] ④ = Uzura Sajiki (quail stand) ※Dangihon Nemushigusa (1763-69) Later "The sky above in the east shines brightly, and the quails in the west are excited." ⑤ A spectator in ④. ※Zappai Yanagi Taru-Goichi (1811) "Looking that way, the quails pick up food." ⑥ An abbreviation of "Uzura-yaki (quail grilling) ①." ※Miscellaneous haiku, Yanagi Taru-67 (1815) “The hawk’s talons pinch the nightingale and the quail” [Eloquence] (1)① is an example from “The Tales of Ise-123”, a poem exchanged when a man grows tired of a woman who lives in Fukakusa and is about to leave her. This poem is also included in the “Kokinshu” with a different reader, and quails came to be associated with Fukakusa in Kyoto. The association was further strengthened by the original poem “When evening comes, the autumn wind penetrates my body, and I can no longer quail, Fukakusa village (Fujiwara no Shunzei)” [Senzai-Akikami].
(2) The first imperial anthology to refer to quail as an autumn scene was the Goshuishū. The quail's cry was praised for its beauty, and around the time of the Meiwa and An'ei periods ( 1764-1781 ) in the Edo period, a competition called "quail match" was popular.

Quail

Name: Another name for the bird "Uzura (quail)." (Sengakusho (1269))

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① キジ科の鳥。全長約二〇センチメートル。頭が小さく、尾が短く、からだは丸みを帯びる。羽の色は地味で、茶褐色、黄褐色、黒色などが細かく混ざり合っている。ヨーロッパ、アジア、アフリカ、マダガスカル島に分布。日本では北海道、本州の中部以北で繁殖し、冬には本州中部以南の平地で見られる。肉、卵ともに美味で、家禽化されたものは、年間に百個以上の卵を産む。狩猟鳥。日本産を独立種とする説もある。《季・秋》※万葉（８Ｃ後）三・二三九「猪鹿こそばい匍ひ拝め、鶉(うづら)こそい匍ひもとほれ」※伊勢物語（１０Ｃ前）一二三「野とならばうづらとなりて鳴きをらんかりにだにやは君は来ざらむ」② 縄の名。棕櫚(しゅろ)の毛と加賀苧(かがお)とを交ぜてなった船綱。その色が①の羽の斑の様であるのでいう。※和漢船用集（1766）一一「うづら〈略〉水縄等に用」③ 江戸時代、廻船に用いられた「はがせ（羽瀬）」の俗称。船体の形状が①に似ているところからいう。〔和漢船用集（1766）〕④ ＝うずらさじき（鶉桟敷）※談義本・根無草（1763‐69）後「東の上はてらてらと輝き、西のうづらは興を催す」⑤ ④の見物人。※雑俳・柳多留‐五一（1811）「あっちらを向て鶉は餌を拾ひ」⑥ 「うずらやき（鶉焼）①」の略。※雑俳・柳多留‐六七（1815）「鶯や鶉をつまむ鷹の爪」[語誌](1)①の挙例「伊勢物語‐一二三」で、男が深草に住む女に飽きて出て行こうとする時の贈答歌が「古今集」にも読み手を変えて採られ、鶉は、京都の深草と結びつくようになり、「夕さればのべの秋風身にしみてうづらなくなりふか草の里〈藤原俊成〉」〔千載‐秋上〕の本歌取りによって、結びつきがより強くなった。
(2)秋の景物とするのは勅撰集では「後拾遺集」が古い。「鶉鳴く」はその鳴き声が賞美されたからでもあり、江戸時代の明和安永（一七六四‐八一）の頃には優劣を競う「鶉合わせ」が流行した。