Webb, B.

Japanese: ウェッブ,B. - うぇっぶ
Webb, B.


[Historical changes in content]
Its content is understood in various ways depending on the standpoint of social thought, and has changed historically. The term industrial democracy became popular when the British couple S. Webb used it as the title of a book that investigated the structure and function of labor unions, and in this book, the content of industrial democracy is emphasized as ensuring the democratic management of labor unions and their function as parties to collective bargaining. This idea is still inherited today as a basic idea in labor-management relations, as it is based on the class relations in capitalist society and recognizes a certain degree of voice for workers within that framework.

From [Social Security]

…Especially in the second half of the 19th century, when the capitalist economy matured and the British economy reached the peak of prosperity, periodic depressions increased the number of poor people, and the idea that poverty was caused by social factors rather than individual factors became stronger. The minority report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Law and Relief of Distress (1909) played a decisive role in changing the idea of ​​the Poor Law, emphasizing the social nature of poverty and the diversity of its causes, and Beatrice Webb (1858-1943) was the central figure. (See the entry for SJ Webb.) They proposed the abolition of the Poor Law and the administrative organization that supported it, and emphasized the importance of preventing poverty instead of oppressing the poor. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Webb, B." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[内容の歴史的変化]
 その内容は,社会思想上の立場によってさまざまに理解されており,歴史的にも変化している。イギリスのウェッブ夫妻(S.ウェッブ)が労働組合の構造や機能を研究した著書の標題に用いたことから産業民主主義という言葉は普及したが,この著書では,産業民主主義の内容として労働組合の民主主義的運営と団体交渉の当事者としての機能を確保することが強調されている。この考え方は,資本主義社会での階級関係を前提に,その枠内で労働者に一定の発言権を認めるものとして,現在も労使関係の基本的な考え方として継承されている。…

【社会保障】より

…とくに資本主義経済が成熟し,イギリス経済が繁栄の頂点に達した19世紀の後半には,周期的な恐慌によって貧困者が増大するようになり,貧困の発生を個人的要因から社会的要因に求めようという考え方も強くなった。貧困の社会的性格と貧困原因の多様性を重視し,救貧法思想の改宗に決定的な役割を演じたのは,イギリスの〈救貧法および失業救済に関する王立委員会Royal Commission on the Poor Law and Relief of Distress〉での少数派報告(1909)であり,ウェッブBeatrice Webb(1858‐1943)がその中心的存在であった。(〈S.J.ウェッブ〉の項参照)彼女らは救貧法とそれを支えてきた行政組織の解体を提案し,貧困者への抑圧に代えて貧困予防の重要性を強調した。…

※「ウェッブ,B.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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