Kakkonto - Kakkonto

Japanese: 葛根湯 - かっこんとう
Kakkonto - Kakkonto

This is one of the most well-known Chinese herbal prescriptions. It was included in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which is said to have been compiled by Zhang Zhongjing, a physician from Changsha (Hubei Province) during the Eastern Han Dynasty in China (late 2nd century), and has been widely used since ancient times. The prescription is composed of the following ingredients (the original plants are listed in parentheses): 8 grams of kudzu root, 4 grams each of ephedra, jujube, and ginger, 3 grams each of cinnamon bark and peony, and 2 grams of licorice, with the amount of medicine increased or decreased depending on the symptoms, and other drugs added. When used as a decoction, the correct way to boil it is to boil the pueraria root and ephedra first, then add and boil other drugs, but nowadays they are often boiled at the same time. In the middle chapter on Taiyobyou in the Shanghan Lun, it is written that "if the muscles from the neck to the back are stiff and stiff, there is no sweating and chills, then giving pueraria decoction will cure them." Since such symptoms often appear in the early stages of acute febrile infectious diseases such as influenza, this prescription is generally well-known as a cold medicine. However, pueraria decoction has an extremely wide range of applications, and is used for inflammation of the eyes, nose, ears, mouth, and pharynx, as well as stiff shoulders, neuralgia, bedwetting, high blood pressure, diarrhea, skin diseases, and the early stages of suppurative inflammation. It is often used to treat intractable diseases, especially sinusitis, and usually contains ingredients such as magnolia, cnidium, and gypsum.

[Tsuneo Namba and Masayuki Mikage]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

代表的な漢方処方の一つ。中国の後漢(ごかん)のころ(2世紀後半)、長沙(ちょうさ)(湖北省)の医師であった張仲景によってまとめられたといわれる『傷寒論(しょうかんろん)』に収載され、古来から繁用されてきた。処方構成は次のとおりである(括弧(かっこ)内は基源となる植物)。葛根(カッコン)8グラム、麻黄(まおう)(マオウ)・大棗(たいそう)(ナツメ)・生薑(しょうきょう)(ショウガ)各4グラム、桂枝(けいし)(ニッケイ)・芍薬(しゃくやく)(シャクヤク)各3グラム、甘草(かんぞう)(カンゾウ)2グラムを基本とし、症状により薬量を増減したり、他の薬物を加味する。煎剤(せんざい)として用い、煎じるときは、葛根と麻黄を先に煎じてから他の薬物を加え煎じるのが正法であるが、今日では同時に煎じることが多い。『傷寒論』のなかの太陽病中篇(へん)には、「首筋から背中にかけての筋肉が堅くこわばり、汗が出ずに寒気がする者には葛根湯を与えると治る」と書かれている。このような症状はインフルエンザをはじめとする急性熱性伝染病の初期に現れることが多いために、本処方は一般にはかぜ薬として名高い。しかし、葛根湯は応用範囲のきわめて広い処方で、目、鼻、耳、口内、および咽頭(いんとう)などの炎症のほか、肩こり、神経痛、夜尿症、高血圧、下痢、皮膚病、化膿(かのう)性炎症の初期などに用いられる。難病では、とくに蓄膿症に用いられることが多く、通常、辛夷(しんい)(モクレン)、川芎(せんきゅう)(センキュウ)、石膏(せっこう)などが加味される。

[難波恒雄・御影雅幸]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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