The School Health Law requires that elementary, junior high, and high schools in Japan conduct regular health checkups once a year. In May 1973, the School Health Law Enforcement Order was amended to include urine tests as part of the regular health checkups. Since 1974, urine tests have been conducted on all children and students in elementary, junior high, and high schools nationwide every year from April to June. These group urine tests conducted at schools are called school urinalysis. The reason for including urine tests in regular health checkups was that there were many children with chronic kidney disease among those who were long-term absentees from elementary and junior high schools or who came to observe physical education classes, and school officials felt that it was necessary to detect such children early and provide them with proper treatment and lifestyle management. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
日本の小学校,中学校,高等学校では,毎年1回定期健康診断を行うことが〈学校保健法〉によって定められているが,1973年5月,この学校保健法施行令が一部改正され,その定期健康診断のなかに尿検査という項目が加えられた。したがって74年以来,全国の小中高校においては,毎年4月から6月にかけて,全児童・生徒を対象として検尿が行われている。この学校で行う集団検尿のことを学校検尿とよんでいる。定期健康診断に検尿がとり入れられた理由として,小中学校の長期欠席者や体育見学者のなかに慢性腎臓病の子どもが多いことから,このような慢性腎疾患児を早く発見して,正しい治療および生活管理をすることが必要であるとする学校関係者の意見が強くなったことが,まずあげられる。
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