Residual interest holder - Iryubunkensha

…If a spouse, lineal descendants, or lineal ascendants are present as heirs, a certain portion of the estate cannot be disposed of by will for the benefit of a third party or for the benefit of some of the heirs. This percentage is called the reserved share, and the heirs whose inheritance rights are thus guaranteed are called those entitled to the reserved share. With regard to whether legal inheritance or testamentary inheritance is the rule, there are conflicting views on the latter, with the former being the rule and the former being a supplementary system established by presuming the wishes of the deceased in the absence of a will (testamentary inheritance principle), and the former being the rule and the latter being an adjustment system established to allow the legal share of inheritance to be readjusted within a certain range (legal inheritance principle). …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "residual rights holders" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…配偶者，直系卑属または直系尊属が相続人として存在する場合には，遺産の一定部分は，第三者のためにも相続人の一部のためにも，遺言によって処分することができない。この割合を遺留分といい，そのようにして相続権を保障される相続人を遺留分権者という。法定相続と遺言相続のいずれを原則と考えるかについては，後者を原則とし，前者は遺言がない場合に被相続人の意思を推定して定められた補充的制度だという考え方(遺言相続主義)と，前者を原則とし，後者を一定の範囲において法律上の相続分を再調整することを認めるために定められた調整的制度だという考え方(法定相続主義)が対立する。…

※「遺留分権者」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報