Also called a spinning wheel, reeling wheel, twisting wheel, or quick-spinning wheel, this is a tool for spinning and twisting threads while rotating the wheel by hand. It is also used for winding weft threads onto a tube (weft winding wheel). Its structure consists of a large bamboo (sometimes wooden) wheel attached to one pole, and a spindle attached to the other, which is connected to the quick-spinning thread. In the case of short fibers, the wheel is rotated by hand to pull and then twist the thread, and the guiding hand is positioned at a right angle to the spindle axis and then wound. In the case of semi-long staple fibers (bast fibers), the fiber has already been spun, so the spinning wheel only twists the thread and winds it onto the spindle. There are two sizes of wheels, large and small, the larger one was used for hemp and the smaller one for cotton, but nowadays they are used together. As for regional characteristics, those in the Kanto region are mostly made of wood, those in the Kinki region have hind legs and the whole spinning wheel is tilted forward, and those in the Chugoku region and west have a larger wheel and a shorter distance to the spindle. [Kadoyama Yukihiro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
紡車(ぼうしゃ)、糸繰車(いとくりぐるま)、糸撚(いとより)車、早糸(はやいと)車とも称し、手で車を回転させながら、糸を紡いだり撚りかけをする道具。また緯(よこ)糸を管(くだ)に巻く管巻車(くだまきぐるま)(緯巻(よこまき)車)にも使用する。構造は一方の柱に竹製(木製のものもある)の大きな車を取り付け、他方には紡錘(つむ)を装置し、これを早糸で連結しておく。車を手で回転させながら短繊維の場合では牽引(けんいん)したのち撚りかけをし、誘導する手の位置を紡錘の軸と直角にして巻き取る。準長繊維(靭皮(じんぴ)繊維)では、すでに績(う)んであるから、糸車では撚りかけをし紡錘に巻き取るだけである。この車の大きさには大小2種あり、大きいものは麻、小さいものは木綿に使用したが、現在では混用している。地域的特徴は、関東地方のものは木製のものが多く、近畿地方のものは後ろ足がついて糸車全体が前方に傾斜している。中国地方以西のものは車が大きく、紡錘との距離が短い。 [角山幸洋] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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