Generally, it refers to eating something that one would not normally eat. However, there are exceptions, such as when one is forced to eat something to avoid starvation due to a disaster or other reason. Broadly speaking, squid eating can be categorized into (1) different ethnic groups, (2) different eras, (3) different regions, and (4) different parts of the world. (1) The Eskimos have no plant food, so they eat the moss that grows under the ice fields. However, this moss is too hard to eat as is, so they feed it to reindeer, who semi-digest it before taking it out and eating it. In the depths of Africa, they eat mice, small lizards, beetles, caterpillars, and termites. Japanese foods such as pickled radish, dried kusaya, and sake kasu are also considered strange to Westerners, while special European cheeses are considered strange to the Japanese. (2) 2000 years ago, people ate wild animals such as boars and deer, which were left to ferment naturally in order to taste more sour. In the Heian period, people left eels to oxidize and used them. In particular, eels from the Uji River that were allowed to oxidize naturally were enjoyed as Uji Maru. (3) Tanuki soup is available in various places, but it is said to be best eaten between November and February, because during this time raccoon dogs are hibernating and do not eat anything bad, so the dish has little odor and is tasty. The raccoon dogs of Mt. Hakusan in Kaga are considered particularly delicious. A folk song from the Yonezawa region of Yamagata Prefecture goes, "Yonezawa's specialty is the 'gamushi' and the 'akezu'," where 'akezu' is a corrupted version of 'akitsu', which means dragonfly larvae. Some people in Yamagata, Akita, Fukushima, Nagano, and other regions eat it. In Okinawa, sea snakes are called 'unagi' (eels) and eaten. In the village of Hinoematata in Fukushima Prefecture, dried salamanders are made and sold commercially. (4) Chinese dishes using goat lungs and pig uterus are also delicious, although they require special culinary skills. The dishes of a famous Belgian chef, such as stewed beef tonsils and chicken combs, are also delicious. Swallowing needles, spoons or gnawing on bricks does not refer to eating things, but rather to pica, an abnormal appetite for inedible objects, a condition known as epigastric paradox. [Tetsunosuke Tada] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般に通常食べないものを食べることをいう。ただし災害遭難などのためにやむをえず餓死を免れるために口にするものは例外である。 いかもの食いを大別すると、(1)民族別、(2)時代別、(3)地方別、(4)部分別、となるであろう。 (1)エスキモーは植物性の食物が皆無なので、氷原の下に生えている苔(こけ)を食用にするが、これは固くてそのままでは用いられないので、トナカイに食べさせ半消化させてから取り出して食用にしている。アフリカ奥地ではノネズミ、小さいトカゲ、カブトムシ、イモムシ、シロアリなどを食べている。日本の沢庵(たくあん)漬けやくさやの干物、酒盗(しゅとう)のごときも西洋人にはいかものであり、反対にヨーロッパの特殊なチーズは日本人にはいかものと考えられる。 (2)2000年前、酸味を求めてイノシシ、シカなど野獣の肉を放置して自然発酵させたものを食用にしていた。平安時代にはウナギを放置しておき、これを酸化させて用いていた。とくに宇治(うじ)川のウナギを自然に酸化させたものを宇治丸(まる)と称して賞味していた。 (3)たぬき汁は各地にあるが、その食べごろは11月から2月の間とされているのは、この間タヌキは冬眠していて、悪食しないから臭味が少なく味がよいのである。加賀の白山のタヌキはとくに美味とされている。山形県米沢(よねざわ)地方の俗謡に「米沢名物ガムシにアケズ云々」とあるが、アケズはアキツの転訛(てんか)したものでトンボの幼虫のことである。山形、秋田、福島、長野県などの地方では、それを食用にしている者がいる。沖縄ではウミヘビを鰻(うなぎ)といって食べている。福島県檜枝岐(ひのえまた)村ではサンショウウオの干物をつくり市販している。 (4)特殊の料理技術がないと処理できないが、ヤギの肺、ブタの子宮などを材料とする中国料理も美味である。ベルギーの有名コックの料理、ウシの扁桃腺(へんとうせん)の煮込みやニワトリのとさかのごときも、いかものとみてよかろう。 針、スプーンを飲んだり煉瓦(れんが)をかじったりするのは、いかものではなく異食症で食用に適さない物品に対する異常な食欲を意味し、いわゆる食欲倒錯という病気である。 [多田鉄之助] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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