A term used to refer to orthodox Indian thinkers who recognize the authority of the Vedic scriptures and the superiority of the Brahmin class. On the other hand, non-Brahmin heretical sects who deny the authority of the Vedic scriptures are called nāstika. This is a classification imposed by the Brahmins, and nāstika is a derogatory term meaning nihilist or atheist. The six schools of philosophy belong to āstika, while Buddhists, Jains, and materialists are considered nāstika. Although nāstika thought has some aspects of rejecting tradition, there is a crucial difference between the rejection of traditional norms by materialists and hedonists and the Buddhist thought of nothingness that transcends the dualistic opposition of being and non-being. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ベーダ聖典の権威とバラモン階級の優位性を認める正統的なインド思想家に対する呼称。一方,ベーダ聖典の権威を否定した非バラモン系統の異端派は,〈ナースティカnāstika〉と呼ばれている。これはバラモンの側から下された分類で,〈ナースティカ〉とは〈虚無論者〉〈無神論者〉などという意味をもつ貶称である。六派哲学がアースティカに属するのに対して,仏教徒,ジャイナ教徒,唯物論者はナースティカとされている。ナースティカの思想にはなんらかの意味で伝統否定の側面があるが,唯物論者,快楽論者の伝統的規範否定の思想と,有・無の二元的対立を超越した仏教における無の思想との間には,決定的相違がある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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