A valve installed in equipment or piping that handles working fluids such as gas, steam, or liquid to prevent the working fluid from exceeding a specified maximum pressure. When the pressure of a boiler or other device rises above a specified value, the safety valve automatically opens to release the steam or gas and lower the pressure back to the specified level. Depending on the structure that applies the load to the valve plate, there are spring, weight, and lever types. Weight types are not suitable for equipment that is subject to severe shaking or vibration, and spring types are generally used for boilers. Lever types are limited to valves with a force of 600 kgf (approximately 5.9 × 10 3 N) or less. Other types include thin plate safety valves, which release gas by breaking a thin plate when the gas pressure exceeds a specified value, and fusible piece safety valves, which release gas by melting alloy pieces due to the rise in gas temperature inside the container. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ガス,蒸気,液体などの作業流体を取扱う機器または配管において,作業流体が規定の最高圧力をこえるのを防止するために取付ける弁。ボイラなどの圧力が規定値以上に上がると安全弁が自動的に開いて蒸気や気体を逃し,再び規定の圧力まで下げる作用をする。弁板へ荷重を与える構造によって,ばね式,おもり式,てこ式がある。おもり式は動揺や振動の激しい機器には不適当であり,ボイラ用には原則としてばね式が用いられる。てこ式は弁に加わる力が 600kgf (約 5.9×103N ) 以下のものに限られる。このほか,ガス圧力が規定以上になったとき薄板がこわれてガスを排出させる薄板安全弁や,容器内のガス温度の上昇により合金片が溶けてガスを排出させる可溶片安全弁がある。
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