Reef

Japanese: 暗礁 - あんしょう
Reef

A rocky or coral reef that protrudes from the surrounding area and is always below sea level, with a shallow depth that is dangerous for ship navigation. More precisely, it refers to a reef that is below low tide level, and is also called a submerged rock. In contrast, those that are between low tide and high tide level are called barren rocks or barren reefs, and those that are above high tide level are called exposed rocks or exposed reefs. The location of a submerged reef can be identified by the difference in color of the sea and the presence of breaking waves. Places where submerged reefs are abundant are areas where marine erosion has developed on rocky coasts, and shallow waters near atolls, fringing reefs, and table reefs on coral reef coasts. When navigating these areas with many submerged reefs, it is necessary to pay attention to the water depth distribution and symbols for submerged reefs on nautical charts, and to take various measures to prevent danger.

[Yoshinori Toyoshima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

つねに海面下にある周囲より突出した岩礁(がんしょう)またはサンゴ礁で、船の航行に危険な程度に浅い水深を有する地形。より正確には、低潮面下にあるものをいい、暗岩ともいう。これに対して、低潮面と高潮面の間にあるものを干出岩(かんしゅつがん)、干出礁、高潮面上にあるものを顕岩(けんがん)、顕礁という。暗礁のある位置は、海の色が異なっていたり、砕け波がみられることによって知ることができる。暗礁の多い場所は、岩石海岸の海食地形の発達する海域やサンゴ礁海岸の環礁(かんしょう)、裾礁(きょしょう)、卓礁(たくしょう)の発達する付近の浅海域である。これらの暗礁の多い海域では、航海に際して、海図の水深分布や岩礁の記号に注意するとともに、種々の危険防止策を講じる必要がある。

[豊島吉則]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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