A type of heavenly maiden, fairy, or water spirit that appears in ancient Indian mythology and literature. Since ancient times, they have been considered the epitome of beauty, and enjoy singing, dancing, and music with their lovers, Gandharvas, in the heavenly paradise of Indra. There is no specific number of them, but 13 are famous, and among them, Urvasi appears in the Rig Veda and marries the human king Pururavas. However, these heavenly maidens are sometimes portrayed as promiscuous and unfaithful, providing material for tragic love stories in classical Indian literature. In epics, they are similar to the Valkyries of Norse mythology, as they pamper heroes and lead those who have died in battle from the battlefield to Indra's paradise. They also often seduce saints at Indra's command, causing them to break their precepts, and then bear their seeds, giving birth to rare beauties, famous priests, and knowledge such as Shakuntala. [Hara Minoru] 8th century Sandstone Height 83.8cm Rajasthan, India Collection of the Art Institute of Chicago Apsaras Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
古代インドの神話、文学に現れる天女、妖精(ようせい)、水の精の類。古くから美女の典型とされ、インドラ神の天上の楽園において、愛人ガンダルバ(乾闥婆)とともに歌舞音曲を楽しむ。その数はとくに限定されないが、13人が有名であり、そのなかでもとくにウルバシーは『リグ・ベーダ』に現れて、人間の王プルーラバスと結ばれる。ただし彼女ら天女はときに淫乱(いんらん)、不実な天女とされて古典インド文学に悲恋の素材を提供している。叙事詩にあっては彼女たちは勇士を慈しみ、戦死者を戦場よりインドラの楽園に導くものとして、北欧神話のワルキューレに似る。また、しばしばインドラの命を受けて聖者を誘惑し、破戒せしめ、彼らの胤(たね)を宿してはシャクンタラーらのたぐいまれな美女や名僧、知識の誕生となった。 [原 實] 8世紀 砂岩 高さ83.8cm インド ラージャスターン州シカゴ美術研究所所蔵"> アプサラス 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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