... Hacienda management is broadly divided into tenanted land and land directly managed by the landlord. The former are further divided into hired tenants (tenant farmer names: colono, inquilino, huacipunguero), sharecroppers (yanacona, aparcelero, mediero), and rent tenants (arendatario), and in directly managed land, agricultural laborers (gañan, peon, ahuelino, borntario) perform low-paid labor. In the case of Mexico in the mid-19th century, the members of the hacienda were the elite, including managers who represented the landlord, priests, caretakers, scribes, and accountants, middle-class workers such as foremen, clerks, teachers, and guards, and farm laborers such as peons and handymen. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Aferino" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… アシエンダの経営は小作地と地主直営地に大別される。前者はさらに地代形態により雇役小作(小作農の名称――コロノ,インキリノ,ワシプンゲーロ),分益小作(ヤナコナ,アパルセロ,メディエロ),賃小作(アレンダタリオ)に区別され,直営地においては農業労働者(ガニャン,ペオン,アフエリノ,ボルンタリオ)が低賃金労働を行う。アシエンダの構成員は,19世紀中葉のメキシコの例でみると,地主の代理である支配人,司祭,管理人,正書記,経理士などのエリート層,人夫頭,書記,教師,番人などの中間職,ペオン,下働き人夫などの農場労働者である。… ※「アフエリノ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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