It is the date on which a document was created that is legally recognized as having complete evidentiary force against a third party (Civil Code Enforcement Law, Article 4). The following five cases are recognized as a fixed date (Civil Code Enforcement Law, Article 5, Paragraphs 1-5). That is, (1) in the case of a notarized document, the date; (2) in the case of a private document, the date when a registry or notary public stamps a date on the document; (3) if there is a deceased person among the deed signers, the date of the deed; (4) when a private document is cited in a document with a fixed date (notarized document), the date of the latter document; (5) when a government agency or public office fills in the details of the document and writes a date on it (for example, by mail with registered contents). Usually, a fixed date is obtained at a notary public's office or registry office by paying a certain fee (Civil Code Enforcement Law, Articles 6 and 8), but the requirements for a fixed date can be met by sending a registered mail with a notice of intent to terminate a contract. The assignment of claims requires notice or consent in the form of a document with a fixed date (Civil Code Article 467, Paragraph 2). [Ikuo Ikejiri] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
証書が作成された日付につき、第三者に対して完全な証拠力があると法律上認められる日付をいう(民法施行法4条)。確定日付として認められるのは、次の五つの場合である(同法5条1項~5項)。すなわち、(1)公正証書ではその日付、(2)私署証書では、登記または公証人役場で、これに日付のある印章を押したときはその日付、(3)証書署名者中に死亡者があれば、その死亡の日付、(4)私署証書が確定日付のある証書(公正証書)に引用されたときは、後者の証書の日付、(5)官庁または公署が証書にある事項を記入し、これに日付を記載したときはその日付(たとえば内容証明郵便)、である。通常は一定の手数料を払って、公証役場または登記所で確定日付を受ける(同法6条・8条)が、契約解除の意思表示などを内容証明郵便ですることにより、確定日付の要件を備えることが行われる。債権譲渡では、確定日付のある証書による通知または承諾が必要とされる(民法467条2項)。 [池尻郁夫] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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