It is one of the Islamic festivals, but it is very different between Sunni and Shiite. After the Hijra, the Prophet Muhammad is said to have established the tenth day of the first Hijri month (Muharram) as a day of fasting and ablution, and this day is called Ashura. This imitated the Jewish fasting of Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement). After the Islamic community broke away from Judaism, this commandment was deemed not to be binding on believers. However, devout Sunni Muslims voluntarily observe the fasting and ablution of Ashura. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
イスラムの祭礼のひとつであるが,スンナ派とシーア派とで非常に異なっている。預言者ムハンマドはヒジュラの後,ヒジュラ暦1月(ムハッラム月)の第10日目を断食潔斎の日と定めたとされ,この日をアーシューラーと呼ぶ。これはユダヤ教のヨーム・キップール(贖罪の日)の断食を模倣したものであった。イスラム教団がユダヤ教徒と決別して後は,この戒律は信徒に強制力をもたないものとされた。しかし敬虔なスンナ派イスラム教徒は,アーシューラーの断食潔斎を自発的に行っている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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