A method of processing metal surfaces and shapes into desired shapes and dimensions using the dissolving action of chemicals. Includes electrolytic polishing, chemical polishing, etching, chemical milling, electrochemical machining, etc. Electrolytic polishing and chemical polishing are methods of dissolving metal surfaces uniformly in an abrasive solution to simultaneously smooth and polish the surface. In etching and chemical milling, chemicals are used to etch a desired pattern into the metal surface or corrode a metal material into the desired shape and dimensions. In electrochemical machining, the forced electrochemical dissolving action using an external power source is concentrated on a part of the metal material, and the part is moved in sequence to form the material into the desired shape and dimensions. Common features of these chemical machining methods include the ability to process ultra-hard and extremely soft materials that are difficult to machine, no mechanical distortion remaining in the machined area, and the ability to perform extremely fine and precise machining. [Katsuhisa Sugimoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
化学薬品の溶解作用を利用して金属の表面や形状を希望の状態や寸法に加工すること。電解研摩、化学研摩、エッチングetching、ケミカルミーリングchemical milling、電解加工などを含む。電解研摩と化学研摩とは、研摩液中で金属表面を均一に溶解して表面の平滑化と光沢化とを同時に得る方法である。エッチングとケミカルミーリングとでは、化学薬品によって金属表面に希望の図案を食刻したり、あるいは金属素材を希望の形状、寸法になるように腐食する。電解加工では、外部電源を用いた強制的電気化学的溶解作用を金属素材上の一部分に集中させ、その部分を順次移動させることによって素材を希望の形状、寸法に成形する。これらの化学加工法に共通する特徴は、機械加工が困難な超硬材や極軟材をも加工しうること、加工部に機械的ひずみが残らないこと、きわめて微細かつ精密な加工も可能なこと、などである。 [杉本克久] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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