Villa (English spelling)

Japanese: ビラ（英語表記）villa

An architectural term. Generally refers to a detached house built on the outskirts of a city or in the countryside, and many of these have ancillary buildings and a garden. In ancient Rome, it referred to a landowner's residence or farm built on a local estate, but also meant a vast villa such as that built by Emperor Hadrian on the outskirts of Rome (→ Hadrian's Villa). During the Italian Renaissance, aristocrats built these in the suburbs of cities, and their designs incorporating the surrounding nature produced many masterpieces of Italian gardens. The Villa d'Este at Tivoli, designed by Ippolito d'Este, is famous. In 19th century Britain, it meant a detached house built for the wealthy on the outskirts of a city. In modern times, it refers to a small detached house, or often to a second home built on the beach or in the mountains (→ Cottage).

Villa
Villa

The capital of Vanuatu, located in the southwest of the South Pacific Ocean. It is the commercial center of Vanuatu. It is located on the southwest coast of Efate Island. It has a port, an international airport, schools, a beef canning factory, and other facilities. During World War II, it was the site of a US military base. The townscape is French-style. Population: 44,040 (2009).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

建築用語。一般に都市の郊外または田園に建つ独立住宅をいい，居館に付属建物と庭園を備えた例が多い。古代ローマ時代には地方領地に建てられた地主の居館または農場をさしたが，他方ローマ郊外にハドリアヌス帝が造ったような広大な別荘をも意味した (→ハドリアヌス帝のビラ ) 。イタリア・ルネサンス期に貴族が都市近郊にきそってこれを建て，周囲の自然を取入れた設計によってイタリア式庭園の秀作を数多く生んだ。イッポリート・デステによるチボリのビラ・デステは著名。 19世紀イギリスでは都市周縁に建つ富裕階級の独立住宅を意味した。現代では独立小住宅をさすほか，海浜，山などに設けるセカンド・ハウスをいうことが多い。 (→コッテージ ) 　