…On the other hand, the narrowest definition refers to the structures that are directly connected to spinal motor neurons and their conduction pathways, namely the rubrospinal tract, interstitial nucleus-spinal tract, tectospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract, and reticulospinal tract. While the pyramidal tract was named by L. Türck (1851), the extrapyramidal tract is said to have been named by German pathologist J. Prus (1898). He investigated in dogs the type of conduction pathway by which cortical epilepsy caused by electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex is transmitted to the spinal cord. … From [Pyramidal Tract]...Therefore, these motor neurons are also known as common terminal pathways. The pathway that originates in the motor cortex of the cerebral cortex and ends in the motor neurons of the spinal cord was the first to appear in mammals, and was particularly developed in humans, so it attracted attention early on. Since this pathway creates a rise called a pyramid on the ventral side of the medulla oblongata, it was named the pyramidal tract by Austrian neurologist L. Türck (1851). Clinically, pyramidal tract damage causes paralysis of the limbs, so it is believed that the pyramidal tract controls voluntary movement. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Türck, L." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方,これらの構造物のうち直接に脊髄運動神経細胞と結合をもつ構造物とその伝導路,つまり赤核脊髄路,間質核脊髄路,視蓋脊髄路,前庭脊髄路,網様体脊髄路を指すのが最も狭い内容である。 錐体路の命名者がチュルクL.Türck(1851)であるのに対し,錐体外路の命名者はドイツの病理学者プルースJ.Prus(1898)といわれる。彼は大脳皮質を電気刺激して惹起される皮質性癲癇(てんかん)がどのような伝導路で脊髄に伝達されるかをイヌで検索した。… 【錐体路】より…したがって,この運動神経細胞には共通終末路の別称がある。体性運動中枢伝導路のうちでも大脳皮質運動野に起こり脊髄の運動神経細胞に終わる伝導路は,哺乳類で初めて現れたもので,ヒトにおいてとくに発達しているため早くから注目され,この伝導路が延髄腹側面に錐体pyramidとよばれる高まりをつくるところから,オーストリアの神経学者チュルクL.Türckによって錐体路と命名された(1851)。臨床的に錐体路損傷によって体肢の麻痺が生じるところから,錐体路は随意運動を制御すると解されている。… ※「Türck,L.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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