A. Marshall called the increase in the productive efficiency of companies within an industry due to the expansion of the scale of that industry external economies, and the increase in the productive efficiency of a company itself due to the expansion of its scale internal economies. The latter corresponds to increasing returns to scale in a company's production technology. Marshall believed that even if individual companies are subject to diminishing returns to scale, external economies can cause the production technology of the industry as a whole to produce increasing returns to scale. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
A.マーシャルは,産業の規模が拡大することによりその産業内の企業の生産効率が高まることを外部経済と呼び,企業の規模が拡大することによりその企業自身の生産効率が高まることを内部経済internal economiesと呼んだ。後者は企業の生産技術における規模に関する収穫逓増に対応する。マーシャルは,個々の企業は規模に関する収穫逓減に服するとしても,外部経済によって産業全体としての生産技術は規模に関する収穫逓増を生むことがあると考えた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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