...Lecture brokers such as James Redpath also appeared. From this time on, humorous lectures by people called literary comedians also began to appear, such as Josh Billings, Petroleum V. Nasby, and Artemus Ward, and the leading figure of this genre, Mark Twain, became a national hero. Professional traveling lectures gradually declined, but their educational aspect was inherited by a cultural movement called the Chautauqua Movement, which began in 1874. *Some of the terminology that refers to "literary comedian" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…またレッドパスJames Redpathのような講演斡旋業者も現れた。この頃から文学的コメディアンliterary comedianと呼ばれる人たちのユーモア講演もはやり,ビリングズJosh Billings,ナズビーPetroleum V.Nasby,ウォードArtemus Wardなどが活躍,その大立者のマーク・トウェーンは国民的ヒーローとなった。プロの巡回講演はしだいに衰えたが,74年に発足したショトーカ運動と呼ばれる文化運動によって,その〈教育〉的な面を受け継がれたともいえる。… ※「literary comedian」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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