...The Germans remained the dominant people until World War I, and formed the eastern edge of the German cultural sphere. The name Livonia originated from German merchants who appeared on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in the late 12th century, who called the Libian settlement near the mouth of the Western Dvina River "Livland." The Libians strongly opposed the Catholic missionary work by German clergymen that began at the end of the 12th century, and with the approval of the Pope, an expedition against pagans was organized. Albert von Appeldern, bishop of Livonia, founded Riga in 1201 and established the Schwertbrüderorden, an order of sword knights, in 1202. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Livland" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ドイツ人はその後第1次世界大戦まで支配民族としてとどまり,ドイツ文化圏の東端をなした。リボニアの地名も12世紀後半にバルト海東岸に現れたドイツ商人が西ドビナ河口付近のリーブ人の居住地を〈リーブ人の地Livland〉とよんだのに始まる。リーブ人は12世紀末に始まったドイツ聖職者によるカトリックの布教に強く反発したため,ローマ教皇の認可で異教徒討伐が組織され,リボニア司教アルベルト・フォン・アッペルデルンAlbert von Appeldernが1201年リガを建設し,02年,刀剣騎士修道会Schwertbrüderordenを設立した。… ※「Livland」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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