Loewi, O. (English spelling) LoewiO

Japanese: Loewi,O.(英語表記)LoewiO
Loewi, O. (English spelling) LoewiO

...In the body, it is synthesized from choline and acetyl CoA by the action of choline acetylase. Through historical research such as the research of HH Dale, which began in the 1910s, and O. Loewi's frog heart perfusion experiment (1921), it was the first substance to be established as a chemical neurotransmitter. It acts on parasympathetic nerves and motor nerves, and has physiological effects such as lowering blood pressure, inhibiting cardiac contraction, promoting glandular secretions such as tears, saliva, and gastric juice, and contracting the digestive tract and skeletal muscles. ...

From [Neurotransmitters]

…In 1904, TR Elliot proposed the chemical transmission theory, which states that when the sympathetic nerve is stimulated, adrenaline is released from the terminals, which acts on the effector organs. 21 years later, O. Loewi conducted the following experiment. He removed a frog's heart with the vagus nerve still attached, made a perfusion preparation, and injected the effluent into a perfusion preparation of another frog's heart connected to the original preparation. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Loewi, O." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…生体内ではコリンとアセチルCoAとからコリンアセチラーゼの作用により合成される。1910年代から始まったデールH.H.Daleの研究,さらにレーウィO.Loewiのカエルの心臓の灌流(かんりゆう)実験(1921)などの歴史的研究を経て,化学的な神経伝達物質として初めて確立された物質である。副交感神経や運動神経において作用し,血圧降下,心収縮に対する抑制的作用,涙・唾液・胃液などの腺分泌の促進,消化管収縮,骨格筋収縮などの生理作用を示す。…

【神経伝達物質】より

…1904年,エリオットT.R.Elliotは交感神経が刺激されると末端からアドレナリンを放出し,これが効果器に作用するという化学伝達説を提唱した。その後21年レーウィO.Loewiは,次のような実験を行った。迷走神経をつけたままカエルの心臓を摘出し,灌流(かんりゆう)標本を作り,この流出液を,この標本と連結した別のカエルの心臓の灌流標本に注入した。…

※「Loewi,O.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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