Aichi Prefecture - Aichi

Japanese: 愛知[県] - あいち

A prefecture that occupies the southwestern part of the Chubu region, and the north and east of Ise Bay. The prefectural capital is Nagoya City. Located at the crossroads of the eastern and western cultural spheres, it is the industrial and cultural center of the Chubu region, and Nagoya City is the core of the Chukyo region. 5,172.48 ^km2 . 7,410,719 people (2010). [History] Formerly the two provinces of Owari and Mikawa, it was a strategic location halfway between Kansai and Kanto. During the Sengoku period, it produced Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu, and Ieyasu's son Yoshinao built Nagoya Castle (1610), after which Owari was ruled by one domain and Mikawa by ten domains. The Tokaido road also passed through the area, and post towns such as Miya (Atsuta) and Yoshida (Toyohashi) developed, and eastern Mikawa was a key location on the Sanshu Kaido road that connected Shinshu. After the Meiji period, Owari became Aichi Prefecture, and it was combined with Mikawa's Nukata Prefecture to form the present-day Owari Prefecture. [Nature] The Sakai River, which flows into the inner Chita Bay, divides the prefecture into the Owari region in the west and the Mikawa region in the east. The western half of the Owari region is the Nobi Plain, the second largest plain in Japan after the Kanto Plain, and the border is near Ichinomiya City. The east is a highly arid alluvial fan and diluvial plateau, while the southwest is low and humid, with reclaimed land along the coast. The border with the Mikawa region is a hilly area that continues to the Chita Peninsula. The Mikawa region is dominated by the gently undulating Mikawa Plateau, with no high mountains, except for the Okazaki Plain in the Yahagi River basin and the Toyohashi Plain in the Toyokawa River basin. The southern part of the prefecture is surrounded by the Chita Peninsula and the Atsumi Peninsula, which surrounds Mikawa Bay. The climate of the Owari region is contrasted with the warm Mikawa region, which has a large temperature difference. [Industry] The population composition by industry is 2.8% primary, 34.4% secondary, and 61.3% tertiary (2005), making it a typical industrial prefecture. Located in the Chukyo Industrial Zone, various industries have developed, and the prefecture's manufacturing shipment value was 35,483.7 billion yen (2003), ranking first in the nation. Representative traditional industries include woolen textiles in the Bisai region, cotton textiles in Chita and Gamagori, chemical fibers and cotton spinning in Nagoya and Okazaki, and ceramics in Seto, Tokoname, and Nagoya. Heavy chemical industries have developed significantly since the 1960s, mainly on the reclaimed land in the southern part of Nagoya Port, and include steel manufacturing in Tokai, automobiles in Toyota and Kariya, which house Toyota Motor Corporation, and vehicles and aircraft in Nagoya. The prefecture's shipping value of transportation equipment accounts for more than 50% of the total industry (2003). Other famous products include Sanshu tiles in Takahama and Hekinan, Arimatsu tie-dye in Midori Ward, Nagoya, and brewed foods in Handa. Intensive diversified agriculture is also practiced in the prefecture, with the large Nagoya market in mind, and vegetables, pork, and chickens rank among the top in the nation. Other specialties include saplings in the suburbs of Nagoya, lit-up chrysanthemums on the Atsumi Peninsula, and watermelons around Anjo City. In the fishing industry, nori seaweed from Ise Bay and Mikawa Bay, and goldfish farming in Yatomi City are distinctive. Tourist attractions include Mikawa Bay, Aichi Plateau, Hida Kiso River, Tenryu Okumikawa Quasi-National Park, the Nippon Line, and Mount Horaiji. [Transportation] Transportation trunk lines such as the Tokaido Main Line, Shinkansen, Tomei and Meishin Expressways are concentrated in the area, and Nagoya City in particular is served by the Chuo Main Line, Kansai Main Line, private railways such as Meitetsu and Kintetsu, and the city subway, forming a large transportation network. Nagoya Airport (now Prefectural Nagoya Airport) is located in Toyoyama Town, Nishikasugai County, and Nagoya Port has a large trade volume due to the Chukyo Economic Zone, and has developed into a major trading port on a par with Kobe and Yokohama. Chubu Centrair International Airport opened in Tokoname City in February 2005.
→ Related topics Chubu region

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

中部地方南西部，伊勢湾の北および東部を占める県。県庁所在地は名古屋市。東西両文化圏の交錯地にあたり，中部地方の産業・文化の中心県で，名古屋市は中京圏の中核をなす。5172.48km²。741万719人（2010）。〔沿革〕　かつての尾張国・三河国２国にあたり，関西と関東の中間に位置する要衝であった。戦国時代織田信長，豊臣秀吉，徳川家康を輩出，家康の子義直が名古屋城を築き（1610年），以後尾張１藩，三河10藩の統治が続いた。また東海道が通じ，宮（熱田），吉田（豊橋）など宿場町が発達，東三河は信州を結ぶ三州街道の要地であった。明治以後，尾張が愛知県となり，三河の額田県を合して現在に至った。〔自然〕　知多湾奥に流れ込む境川を境に，西の尾張地方，東の三河地方に分けられる。尾張地方の西半は関東平野に次ぐ日本第２の面積の濃尾平野で一宮市付近を境として東は扇状地・洪積台地で高燥，南西は低湿で海岸に干拓地が見られる。三河地方との境は知多半島に続く丘陵地。三河地方は矢作(やはぎ)川流域の岡崎平野と豊川流域の豊橋平野のほかは起伏のゆるやかな三河高原で，高い山はない。県南部は知多半島と渥美半島が三河湾を囲む。気候は寒暖の差が激しい尾張地方に対し，温暖な三河地方と対照的である。〔産業〕　産業別人口構成は第１次2.8％，第２次34.4％，第３次61.3％（2005）で，典型的な工業県。中京工業地帯にあって各種の工業が発達し，製造品出荷額では35兆4837億円（2003）を上げ，全国１位を占める。尾西(びさい)地域の毛織物，知多市と蒲郡(がまごおり)市の綿織物，名古屋・岡崎両市の化学繊維・綿紡に代表される繊維工業と，瀬戸・常滑(とこなめ)・名古屋各市の窯業は在来の代表的産業である。1960年代以降名古屋港南部埋立地を中心に大きく発展した重化学工業では東海市の製鉄，トヨタ自動車を擁する豊田・刈谷両市の自動車，名古屋市の車両・航空機などの生産があり，県の輸送用機器の製造品出荷額は全工業の５割以上（2003）を占めている。そのほか高浜市，碧南市の三州瓦，名古屋市緑区の有松絞，半田市の醸造食品の生産も有名。農業も名古屋の大市場をひかえて集約的多角農業が行われ，野菜，豚，鶏は全国の上位を占める。名古屋市近郊の苗木，渥美半島の電照菊，安城市周辺のスイカも特産。水産業では伊勢湾・三河湾のノリ，弥富市のキンギョの養殖に特色がある。観光地では三河湾，愛知高原，飛騨木曾川，天竜奥三河の４国定公園，日本ライン，鳳来寺山などがある。〔交通〕　東海道本線・新幹線，東名・名神高速道路など交通幹線が集中し，特に名古屋市は中央本線・関西本線のほか名鉄・近鉄などの私鉄や市営地下鉄が通じ，大交通網を形成している。西春日井郡豊山町に名古屋空港（現・県営名古屋空港）があり，名古屋港は中京経済圏を背景に貿易量が多く，神戸，横浜と並ぶ大貿易港に発展した。2005年２月常滑市に中部国際空港（セントレア）が開港した。
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