…There was a time when corrosion was considered to be an inherent property of materials, but now it is widely believed that it is a phenomenon that depends heavily on the environment in which it is used. The phenomenon in which materials change or deteriorate due to chemical interactions with certain substances in the environment is one of the important factors that determine the service life of all materials, not just metals, but when the term corrosion is used, it usually means metallic corrosion. Practical metals are originally obtained by smelting mineral resources that are produced in the form of oxides, sulfides, etc., and corrosion and rusting are, for metals, a spontaneous process in which they return to the stable form they once existed in nature. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "metallic corrosion" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…かつては腐食現象を材料の固有の性質と考えた時代があるが,現在では使用環境に大きく依存する現象であるとする考えが定着した。このように環境中に存在する特定の物質との化学的相互作用によって材料が変質や劣化する現象は,金属に限らずすべての材料にとって,その使用寿命を決める重要な因子の一つであるが,単に腐食という場合には金属腐食metallic corrosionを意味するのが通例である。実用金属はもともと酸化物,硫化物などの形で産出する鉱物資源から製錬によって得られたものであり,腐食してさびになることは金属にとってみれば,かつて自然界に存在した安定な形に戻る自発的な過程である。… ※「metallic corrosion」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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