Narmer

Japanese: Narmer

...It is known from the reliefs on the large votive slabs of the late Gerse culture that there were Upper Egyptian kings who conquered Lower Egypt, such as King Scorpion, before the final unification of the kingdom, and the penetration of the Gerse culture into the Delta is thought to correspond to this process (Proto-dynasty). There is some debate as to which of the kings Menes refers to, but it is more likely that he is the next King Aha, who built the first royal tomb in the Memphis cemetery, Saqqara, rather than King Narmer, who donated the famous slab inscribed with the conquest of Lower Egypt. The transfer of the royal capital from Thinis to Memphis was aimed at breaking away from the influence of the powerful chiefs of Upper Egypt who had cooperated in the unification of the kingdom and securing Lower Egypt. Through the governors of the provinces, irrigation canal networks were established, and the royal authority was strengthened and centralized while monopolizing foreign trade, such as the import of cedars of Lebanon. ...

From Menes

…In Herodotus's Histories, he is known as Min, who built the new capital of the unified state, the White Wall (later Memphis), near the border between Upper and Lower Egypt, and protected the city from flood damage by building a levee upstream to divert the river's flow. There is some debate as to which king in the contemporary historical sources he corresponds to, and in the past the prevailing theory was that he was King Narmer, who appears on the famous palette as the conqueror of Lower Egypt, but in recent years the prevailing theory is that he is the second king, Aha, who built the first great tomb in the Saqqara cemetery in Memphis, which matches the legends of Herodotus. There is also a theory that several kings who contributed to the founding of the state were legendaryized into one king. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Narmer" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…王国の最終的統一以前にも〈さそり〉王など下エジプトを征服した上エジプト王がいたことはゲルゼ文化末期の奉納用大型化粧板の浮彫などから知られており，ゲルゼ文化のデルタへの浸透はこの過程に対応すると考えられる(〈原王朝〉)。メネスが当時の王名のどれを指すのか論争があるが，下エジプト征服を刻む有名な化粧板の奉納者ナルメルNarmer王よりも，メンフィスの墓地サッカラに最初の王墓を建造した次のアハAha王と見るべきであろう。ティニスからメンフィスへの王都移転は，王国統一に協力した上エジプト有力首長の影響力からの離脱と下エジプトの確保とを目指しており，州知事を通じて州単位の灌漑水路網を整備し，レバノン杉の輸入など対外交易を独占しつつ王権の強化と中央集権化が進められた。…

【メネス】より

…ヘロドトスの《歴史》ではミンMinと記され，上･下エジプトの境界近くに統一国家の新都〈白い壁〉(のちのメンフィス)を建設し，上流に築いた堤防で河流を変え，増水の害から町を守ったとされる。同時代史料のどの王にあたるかについては論争があり，古くは有名な化粧板(パレット)に下エジプトの征服者として現れるナルメルNarmer王とする説が有力であったが，近年ではメンフィスの墓地サッカラに最初の大王墓を造営した次王アハAhaとする説がヘロドトスの伝承に合致するとして有力である。また建国に功績のあった複数の王が1人の王に伝説化したとの説もある。…

※「Narmer」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Narke japonica (English spelling) Narkejaponica

>>: Narodnoe delo (English spelling)