…(1) Membrane The shape of the membrane is generally circular, which is favorable for tension, but it can also be elliptical (Gievre in Lapland), square (Duff), polygonal (Duff and Chinese tambourine), or irregular in shape, such as the cross section of a tree trunk (Africa). The material is mainly animal leather, and it is said that aquatic animals (fish and reptiles) were used in the early days, and terrestrial animals were used later. Even today, fish skin is used for the darbuka in Egypt and the pahu hura in Hawaii, snake skin is used in mainland China, Indochina, and South America, and lizard skin is used in various parts of Oceania. The terrestrial animals are generally cows, sheep, and horses, but occasionally dogs, cats, and deer are also used, and in recent years, synthetic resin membranes have also come to be used widely. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "pahu hura" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…(1)膜 膜の形は一般に緊張力に有利な円形であるが,楕円形(ラップランドのギーブルgievre),四角形(ドゥッフ),多角形(ダッフおよび中国のタンバリン),あるいは木の幹の断面そのままの不規則な形を残しているもの(アフリカ)などがある。材料は主として動物の革で,初期には水生動物(魚,爬虫類),後になって陸生動物が用いられるようになったといわれているが,現在もなおエジプトのダルブッカ,ハワイ諸島のパフ・フラpahu huraなどには魚,中国大陸,インドシナ半島,南アメリカではわずかではあるが蛇,オセアニア各地ではトカゲの皮が用いられている。陸生動物は牛,羊,馬が一般的であるが,まれに犬,猫,鹿なども用いられ,近年では合成樹脂の膜も多く使用されるようになった。… ※「pahu hura」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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