Philippines

Japanese: Pilipino
Philippines

...It is a language spoken in the provinces of the Philippines, centered around Manila, and belongs to the Western branch (Indonesian branch) of the Austronesian language family. There are about 10 million native speakers of Tagalog (1975), which is less than a quarter of the total population of the Philippines, but since it was designated the national language of the Philippines in 1937 (the common language based on Tagalog is called Pilipino) and is taught as a regular subject in elementary schools, many people understand Tagalog. The languages ​​most closely related to Tagalog are Bicol, spoken at the southern tip of Luzon, and the Northern Visayan languages ​​(Visayan), spoken on the islands of Panay, Samar, and Leyte.

From the Philippines

...Needless to say, the existence of such a wide variety of languages ​​is due to the lack of a history of ethnic unification through the efforts of the people themselves. In 1939, it was decided that Tagalog would be the basis of the national language, but because English remained the official language and the language of instruction, the spread of the national language was greatly delayed (in 1959 the national language was named Pilipino), and by 1970 the spread rate was only 55%. However, due to the rise of nationalism in the 1970s, it is believed that the spread of the language has progressed considerably in recent years.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Pilipino" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…フィリピンのマニラを中心とする諸州に行われる言語で,アウストロネシア語族のうち西部語派(インドネシア語派)に属する。タガログ語を母語とする人口は約1000万(1975)で,それはフィリピン全人口の4分の1にみたないが,1937年にすでにフィリピンの国語に指定され(このタガログ語を基礎とした共通語はピリピノ語Pilipinoと呼ばれる),小学校の正課として教えられているから,タガログ語を理解する人口は多い。タガログ語と最も近い関係にある言語は,ルソン島南端のビコル語Bicolと,パナイ島,サマル島,レイテ島に行われる北部ビサヤ諸語(ビサヤ語)である。…

【フィリピン】より

…このように多種の言語の存在は,住民自らの力による民族統一の歴史を欠いたことによることはいうまでもない。1939年タガログ語を国語の基礎にすることが制定されたが,英語がそのまま公用語,授業用語として残ったために国語の普及は大いに遅れ(1959年に国語はピリピーノPilipinoと命名された),70年の普及率はようやく55%にすぎなかった。70年代に入ってからのナショナリズム高揚もあって,最近では普及がかなり進んだとみられる。…

※「Pilipino」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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