...To achieve this goal, the guidance of a master was considered essential. Thus, Sufi groups were formed around a master (called a shaykh or pir). Among the early groups, the most famous were the Junayd-derived group known as the Iraqi sect and the Bistami group known as the Khorasanite sect. From [Tariqa]...Its manifestations can be seen in the Sanusi sect in Libya, the Tijani sect in West Africa, and the Mahdist revolt in Sudan. The internal structure of the tariqa consisted of a master called a shaykh or pir and disciples called murids. A genealogy called a silsila was created between the shaykh of the tariqa and the holy man who founded the sect, and the position of head of the sect was often hereditary. *Some of the terminology that mentions "pīr" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この目標の達成のためには師の指導が不可欠と考えられた。そして導師(シャイフ,ピールpīrと呼ばれる)を中心とするスーフィーのグループがつくられるようになった。このような初期のグループとしては,有名なものにイラク派と呼ばれるジュナイドに由来するグループと,ホラーサーン派と呼ばれるビスターミーのグループがある。… 【タリーカ】より…リビアのサヌーシー派,西アフリカのティジャーニー教団,スーダンのマフディー派の乱などにその現れがみられる。 このタリーカの内部構造は,シャイフとかピールpīrと呼ばれる師匠と,ムリードmurīdと呼ばれる弟子たちからなっていた。タリーカのシャイフと教団の創立者である聖者との間には,シルシラsilsilaと呼ばれる系図がつくられ,教団の長の職は多くは世襲の形をとった。… ※「pīr」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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