...A species or subspecies of an animal that is extremely rare and is likely to become extinct in the near future unless protective measures are taken, is roughly equivalent to this. It is designated as a natural monument, its import and export are prohibited under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, or it is listed in the Red Data Book of the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and calls for its protection. There are two types of rare animals: those that are caused by natural phenomena, such as being unable to adapt to changes in the natural environment due to excessive specialization, or those whose habitat has been narrowed by the emergence of new competing species, and those that are caused by human factors, such as the destruction of the natural environment and capture by humans, which caused a sharp decline in the population of animals that originally lived in large numbers. From [Internationally Protected Animals]...These animals include those currently facing extinction and those at high risk of becoming extinct if protection is not taken. These animals are published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in a loose-leaf format in a red-covered book called the Red Data Book, and are widely known to government agencies and NGOs (quasi-governmental organizations) of the relevant countries. As of 1996, the number of animal species included in this book is 1,096 mammals, 1,107 birds, 124 amphibians, 253 reptiles, 734 fish, and 1,891 invertebrates (and more than 30,000 plant species). ... *Some of the terminology referenced in the Red Data Book is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…生息数が極端に少なく,保護策を講じない限り,近い将来に絶滅するおそれがあると思われる動物の種,亜種で,天然記念物に指定されたり,ワシントン条約で輸出入が禁止され,あるいはIUCN(国際自然保護連合)のレッド・データ・ブックRed Data Bookに掲げられて保護の必要が訴えられたものが,おおよそこれに該当する。希少動物には,過度の特殊化により自然環境の変化に対応できなくなったり,新しい競合種の出現によって生息域が狭められるなどの自然現象に基づくものと,本来は多数生息していたのに,人類の自然破壊や捕獲の結果個体数が激減した人為的な原因に基づくものとがある。… 【国際保護動物】より…この中には,現在絶滅に(ひん)しているもの,保護をはからないと絶滅する危険性の高いものなどが挙げられている。 これらの動物は,IUCN(国際自然保護連合)が発刊する《Red Data Book》という赤い表紙の本に,ルーズリーフ方式でとじられて,関係各国の政府機関やNGO(準政府機関)に広く周知されるようになっている。1996年現在,これに含まれている動物の種数は哺乳類1096,鳥類1107,両生類124,爬虫類253,魚類734,無脊椎動物1891(植物3万種以上)である。… ※「《Red Data Book》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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