refiner

Japanese: refiner
refiner

…The beating process, which breaks down these raw materials into a porridge-like consistency, is an important step in papermaking. In the mid-17th century, the Hollander was invented in the Netherlands (the inventor is unknown, and it was named after the country), and for the next 200 years, beaters based on the same principle were used, although the form changed. Today, refiners, which break down, beat, and refine the pulp, are used in the manufacture of general paper. Meanwhile, paper was previously scooped by hand, but in 1798, Nicolas-Louis Robert of France invented a machine that could scoop paper continuously using a seamless cloth screen. …

From [Beating]

...In the past, the fibers were literally beaten in a mortar to loosen them, but in the late 17th century, a beater (Hollander type) was invented in the Netherlands, and this was used until recently. The beater rotates a large roller with embedded steel blades, and applies strong compressive and shearing forces to the fibers between it and a fixed blade installed below, beating them. However, because of its low efficiency, in Japan today, except when making special paper, a highly efficient refiner is used, which continuously performs processes such as pulp defibration, beating, and refinement. There are two types of refiners: disc refiners and conical refiners. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "refiner" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これらの原料を粥(かゆ)状にときほぐす叩解(こうかい)beatingの操作は,製紙上たいせつな工程であるが,17世紀半ばにオランダでホランダーhollanderが発明され(発明者は不明で,国名にちなんで名付けられた),以後200年ばかり形式は変わっても同じ原理の叩解機(ビーターbeater)が使われた。現在ではパルプの離解,叩解,精製などを行うリファイナーrefinerが一般紙の製造に使われている。一方,紙をすくのは手で行っていたが,1798年フランスのロベールNicolas‐Louis Robertは継目のない布製の網を使って連続的に紙をすく機械を発明した。…

【叩解】より

…昔は文字どおり臼で繊維を叩(たた)き解きほぐしていたが,17世紀後半にオランダで叩解機(ビーター,ホランダー型)が発明され,これが近年まで使用された。このビーターbeaterは,鋼製の刃を埋め込んだ大きなローラーを回転させ,下に設置した固定刃との間で繊維に強い圧縮力と剪断(せんだん)力を与えて叩解する装置であるが,能率が低いため,現在日本では特殊な紙を作る場合を除いて,パルプの離解,叩解,精整などの処理を連続的におこなう高能率のリファイナーrefinerが用いられている。リファイナーにはディスクリファイナーとコニカルリファイナーがある。…

※「refiner」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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