A herbivorous, quadrupedal or bipedal dinosaur found in layers from the Early Cretaceous period, approximately 140.2 to 99.6 million years ago, all over the world. It is classified as a member of the Ornithischia order, Ornithischia (suborder), Euornithopoda (true ornithischia), Iguanodontia, and Iguanodontoidea. It is estimated to have been 5 to 9 meters long and weighed up to 5 tons. In 1878, 23 individuals were discovered 300 meters underground in the Bernissart coal mine in Belgium, and since most of the skeletons were jointed, an accurate reconstruction was possible. The forelimbs were about half the size of the hind limbs, and the hands had five fingers. The thumb was shaped like a large nail, so it was mistaken for a rhinoceros-like horn, and in early reconstructions it was placed on the nose. The tibia is slightly shorter than the femur. Footprints revealed that three of the four toes were functional and one was degenerate. Footprints also suggest that young individuals of the small and large species walked on two limbs, while the large species primarily walked on all fours. It appears to have eaten leaves by busily moving its horny jaws and beak, as its jaws were covered with numerous spatula-shaped teeth arranged in a saw-like pattern. It was named Iguanodon because its teeth resemble those of the South American iguana. It has been discovered in England, Belgium, France, Spain, Germany, Mongolia, and other places. [Ikuo Obata] Satoshi Sato, Nature Pro Editorial Office, "Dinosaur Behavior and Life 4: Iguanodon - Why did herbivorous dinosaurs flourish all over the world?" (1995, Kaiseisha) [References] |(Iguanodon bernissartensis) Early Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic era Body length 9.3m Found in Belgium (original specimen: Royal Museum of Natural Sciences of Belgium) Photo / Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum Image Library "> Iguanodon skeleton Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
世界各地の白亜紀前期、約1億4020万年~9960万年前の地層から産出した草食で四肢あるいは二肢歩行の恐竜。分類学上は鳥盤目鳥脚(ちょうきゃく)類(亜目)エウオルニソポッド類(真鳥脚類)イグアノドン類Iguanodontiaイグアノドン上科Iguanodontoideaに属する。全長5~9メートルで体重は最大で約5トンと推定される。1878年にベルギーのベルニサール炭鉱300メートルの地底から23頭の個体が発見され、大部分が関節でつながった骨格であったので、正確な復原像が判明した。前肢の大きさは後肢の約半分で、手は5本指。親指だけは大釘(くぎ)のような形であったので、それまではサイのような角(つの)と間違えられ、初期の復原では鼻の上につけられた。脛骨(けいこつ)は大腿骨(だいたいこつ)よりやや短い。足跡から、4本指中の3本が機能的で、1本が退化していることが判明した。また足跡から、小形種や大形種の若い個体は二肢歩行をしたが、大形種は四肢歩行を主としたと考えられている。角質のあごとくちばしを忙しく動かして木の葉を食べたらしく、あごには多数のへら状の歯がのこぎり状に密集して生えていた。歯が南米のイグアナの歯に似ているため、イグアノドンと名づけられた。イギリス、ベルギー、フランス、スペイン、ドイツ、モンゴルなどで発見されている。 [小畠郁生] 『佐藤哲、ネイチャー・プロ編集室構成・文『恐竜の行動とくらし4 イグアノドン――草食恐竜はなぜ世界じゅうで繁栄したのか』(1995・偕成社)』 [参照項目] |(イグアノドン・ベルニサルテンシス) 中生代白亜紀前期 体長9.3m ベルギー産(原標本:ベルギー王立自然科学博物館)写真/福井県立恐竜博物館画像ライブラリー"> イグアノドンの骨格 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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