Ostrovskii, Aleksandr Nikolaevich

Japanese: オストロフスキー（英語表記）Ostrovskii， Aleksandr Nikolaevich

Born: April 12, 1823, Moscow
Died: June 14, 1886. Shcherikovo, Kostroma. Russian playwright. After dropping out of the law faculty of Moscow University, he worked as a clerk in the family court, where he encountered various family problems, and was then transferred to the commercial court, where he came into direct contact with the bourgeoisie and merchants, providing him with a wealth of material for his plays. With about 50 plays, he not only established Russian national theater, but also worked hard to reform the Maly Theater, which was the imperial theater at the time, and in his later years he served as the head of the literary department and the principal of the attached drama school, and came to be revered as the Russian Shakespeare. His major works include Nesostovatel'nyi dolzhnik (The Bankrupt Men) (1850), later renamed Svoi lyudi-sochtëmsya (It's all between us, we'll settle accounts later) (published in 1850, premiered in 1861), Bednost' ne porok (Poverty is no sin) (53), The Thunderstorm (premiered in 1859), Goryachee serdtse (A Passionate Heart) (68), Les (Forest) (70), and Snegurochka (Snow Maiden) (73).

Ostrovsky
Ostrovskii, Nikolai Alekseevich

Born: September 29, 1904, Ukraine
Died: December 22, 1936, Moscow Soviet writer. In his autobiographical novel How Steel Was Tempered, he described the process by which a young man grew into a Communist Party member with an indomitable fighting spirit in the midst of the Civil War, for which he was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1935. The image of the protagonist, Pavel Korchagin, is a direct reflection of the author Ostrovsky himself, who was born the son of poor peasants in Ukraine, devoted himself to the storm of revolution, lost both eyes to illness, and yet maintained an iron fist.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1823.4.12. モスクワ
[没]1886.6.14. コストロマ，シチェルイコボ
ロシアの劇作家。モスクワ大学法学部中退後，家庭裁判所に書記として勤務し，さまざまな家庭問題に触れ，さらに商事裁判所に転勤してブルジョアジーや商人たちとじかに接し，それらが彼の劇作に豊かな素材を与えることになった。約 50編の戯曲で，ロシア国民演劇の確立者となったばかりでなく，当時，帝室劇場であったマールイ劇場の改革のために努力し，晩年はその文芸部長と付属演劇学校の校長を兼務し，ロシアのシェークスピアと仰がれるにいたった。おもな作品は『破産者』 Nesostovatel'nyi dolzhnik (1850) ，のち改題されて『内輪のことだ，あとで勘定を』 Svoi lyudi－sochtëmsya (50発表，61初演) ，『貧乏は罪にあらず』 Bednost' ne porok (53) ，『雷雨』 (59初演) ，『熱き心』 Goryachee serdtse (68) ，『森林』 Les (70) ，『雪娘』 Snegurochka (73) など。

オストロフスキー
Ostrovskii， Nikolai Alekseevich

[生]1904.9.29. ウクライナ
[没]1936.12.22. モスクワ
ソ連の作家。自伝小説『鋼鉄はいかに鍛えられたか』によって，国内戦のさなかに一青年が不屈の闘志をもつ共産党員に成長する過程を描き，1935年にレーニン勲章を与えられた。主人公パーウェル・コルチャーギンの形象には，ウクライナの貧農の子として生れ，革命の嵐に身を捧げ，しかも病魔のため両眼を失い，なおかつ堅固な意志をもち続けた作者オストロフスキー自身の姿がそのまま反映されている。

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