Tantrakhyayika (English spelling)

Japanese: 《Tantrākhyāyika》（英語表記）Tantrakhyayika

... The Sanskrit collection of tales, the Panchatantra, is the most important work in the exchange of eastern and western tales. The original is lost and the author and date are unknown, but many copies have been produced and many variant versions have been handed down. The Tantrakhyayika, which was handed down in Kashmir, is said to be the oldest of the various versions, and the Bengali version was revised by Narayana (around the 10th century) and called Hitopadesha (useful teachings), and became widely popular. Around the 6th century, the version handed down to northwestern India was translated into medieval Persian Pahlavi, but it was lost and lost. Based on this, there are Syriac (around 570) and Arabic (around 750), and these versions are called Kalila and Dimna, and this title became the origin of subsequent translations in Western countries. ...

From the Panchatantra

...As the title suggests, it consists of five stories: "Separation of Friends," "Gaining Friends," "The Fight Between Crows and Owls," "Loss of What Has Been Gained," and "Thoughtless Acts." Each story has a frame story, which includes many episodes and is told in prose with moralistic verses. Of the many branches, the Tantrakhyayika, which was handed down to Kashmir, is said to be the oldest of the various versions, and the Hitopadesha (useful teachings), which was handed down to Bengal, was revised by Narayana (around the 10th century) and became widely popular. It is said that a translation into Pahlavi, a medieval Persian language, was made around the 6th century from a lost version that was handed down to northwestern India, but this too has been lost and is no longer known.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Tantrākhyāyika" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…　サンスクリットの説話集《パンチャタントラ》は，東西説話文学交流の上から最も重要な作品で，原本は散逸して作者，年代ともに不明であるが，多数の支本を生じ，多くの異本が伝わっている。カシミールに伝わった《タントラーキヤーイカTantrākhyāyika》は，諸伝本のうち最も古い形を伝えるものといわれ，またベンガルの伝本はナーラーヤナ(10世紀ころ)によって改編され《ヒトーパデーシャ(有益な教訓)》とよばれてひろく普及した。西北インドに伝わった伝本から6世紀ころ，中世ペルシア語のパフラビー語に翻訳されたが，散逸して伝わらず，これに基づいたシリア語訳(570ころ)とアラビア語訳(750ころ)があり，これらの伝本は《カリーラとディムナ》とよばれ，この題名はその後の西方諸国の訳本の起源となった。…

【パンチャタントラ】より

…題名の示すように，〈朋友の分離〉〈朋友の獲得〉〈鴉（からす）と梟（ふくろう）の闘争〉〈獲得したものの喪失〉〈思慮なき行為〉という5編から成っているが，各編にはそれぞれ枠物語があって，その中に多くの挿話が含められ，散文に教訓的詩句を交えて語られている。　多数の支本のうちカシミールに伝わった《タントラークヤーイカTantrākhyāyika》は諸伝本の中で最も古い形を伝えるものといわれ，ベンガルに伝わった《ヒトーパデーシャ》(有益な教訓)は，ナーラーヤナ(10世紀ころ)が改編したもので広く普及した。西北インドに伝わった現存しない一本から，6世紀ころ中世ペルシア語のパフラビー語に翻訳されたものがあったというが，これも散逸して伝わっていない。…

※「《Tantrākhyāyika》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Tantia Bhil (English spelling)

>>: Tantrism