… Manors have existed since the early Middle Ages, but manorial law was not clearly established until the High Middle Ages, when the legal status of the peasant class stabilized through the communal bonds of the peasant class. It was a collection of local customs that were created in the legal life of the manorial residents, including the lord, centered around the manorial court (Hofgericht), and was initially passed down orally. In the 12th and 13th centuries, as the status of the peasant class improved and there was a growing trend to confirm their rights, the codification of manorial law began. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Hofgericht" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 荘園は中世初期から存在するが,荘園法が明確に成立するのは,農民層の共同体的結合によって,その法的地位が安定する中世盛期である。それは,荘園裁判所Hofgerichtを中心として領主を含む荘園住民が営む法生活の中で作り出していく在地の諸慣習の総体であり,当初は口頭で伝承されていた。12~13世紀に農民層の地位が向上して,その権利を確認しようとする動向が強まると,荘園法の成文化が始まる。… ※「Hofgericht」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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