Heterocyst

Japanese: heterocyst
Heterocyst

...The root nodules of legumes contain a pigment protein called leghemoglobin that reversibly binds to O 2 , which plays both the role of transporting O 2 required for respiration by rhizobia and the role of lowering the O 2 concentration in the root nodules. It is said that most nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria fix nitrogen using special cells called heterocysts, but these cells do not have photosystem II for photosynthesis, so there is no generation of O 2 through photosynthesis, creating favorable conditions for nitrogen-fixing enzymes. A type of hydrogenase (different from the hydrogenase in Figure 3) acts on H 2 , a by-product of the nitrogen fixation reaction, and electrons are transferred from H 2 to cytochrome, reducing O 2 (producing water). ...

*Some terminology explanations that mention "heterocyst" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…マメ科植物の根粒にはレグヘモグロビンleghemoglobinと呼ばれるO2と可逆的に結合する色素タンパク質があり,これが根粒菌の呼吸に必要なO2を運ぶ役割と,根粒内のO2濃度を下げる役割の両方を担っている。窒素固定ラン藻の多くは,ヘテロシストheterocyst(異質細胞)と呼ばれる特殊な細胞で窒素固定を行うといわれているが,この細胞には光合成の光化学系IIが存在しないので光合成によるO2発生がなく,窒素固定酵素に好条件となっている。窒素固定反応の副産物であるH2に一種のヒドロゲナーゼuptake hydrogenase(図3のヒドロゲナーゼとは異なる)が働き,H2からチトクロムへ電子が渡されO2を還元(水が生成)する。…

※「heterocyst」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

<<:  Heterodera glycines (English spelling)

>>:  Heterocerus fenestratus (English spelling) Heterocerusfenestratus

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